284 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1889. 



from colonial times down to the era of kerosene. Study has been made 

 of the ancestry of the older American lamps, and the forms have been 

 traced to Germany, England, Scotland, and other countries — the shapes 

 of lamps in the different sections of the United States depending on 

 the country from which the immigration came. 



Models have been made of candle-dipping apparatus and other 

 objects that could not be procured, or were unsuitable for exhibition. 



Germane to this subject is that of heating. This collection, though 

 smaller, has been exhibited and has received several important addi- 

 tions within the past year. 



A series to illustrate this whole subject, both by countries aud in its 

 elaboration, was sent to the Cincinnati Exposition of 1888. A series 

 of antique lamps was contributed to the exhibition of Biblical Archae- 

 ology, also shown at Cincinnati. 



The curator has given especial attention to the study of transporta- 

 tion on the backs of men and women, to aboriginal hide dressing, to 

 aboriginal cradles, aud to the evolution of common tools, the knife, the 

 hammer, the saw, etc. To iuterest the boys who visit the Museum, a 

 series of "jack-knives" has been arrauged for public inspection, and the 

 interest which such a case excites is shown by the gifts made constantly 

 to the series. 



In the latter part of the year the curator commenced to collect for 

 public reference a card catalogue of the resources of anthropology. By 

 this is meant not a bibliography of anthropology, but a guide catalogue 

 to the resources of the science, so that a special student, a lecturer, or 

 a college professor can be put at once into communication with the 

 chief sources of information. For this work a student at the National 

 Deaf Mute College, who has spent his leisure and his holidays with me, 

 has been specially detailed. By this means the literary resources of 

 the department will be made as useful and instructive as the material. 



For the purpose of educating people in correct methods of anthropo- 

 logical study great csire was taken in the preparation of exhibits for 

 the expositions at Cincinnati and Marietta. 



At the former place were shown a series of charts giving the classi- 

 lication of the human species by Hseckel, Topinard, Friedrich Muller, 

 Welcker, de Quatrefages, and W. H. Flower, a ma}) of the world 

 painted to show the distribution of the chief types of humanity, large 

 glass cases fitted up with groups of Zuni and Ute Indians in costume, 

 and three hundred painted portraits of individuals belonging to the 

 various races of men have been prepared by Mr. A. Z. Shindler. 



Another series to which great attention was paid was a set of vit- 

 rines, each devoted to the natural history of a separate art or aseparte 

 thing. All the tools and specimens of partly finished work belonging 

 to the basket-maker, mat-weaver, root-digger, bread-maker, tanner, 

 shoe-maker, bow and arrow maker, etc., were so mounted and illustrated 

 as to teach the process of the art. 



