444 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1889. 



occupation. In Switzerland, especially at Neuehatel, the history of the 

 inhabitants of the Lake Dwellings is shown. The Assyrian and Egyp- 

 tian galleries in the British Museums are museums of themselves. 



Historical museums are manifold in character, and of necessity local 

 in interest. Some relate to the history of provinces or cities. One of 

 the oldest and best of these is the Miirkisch Proviuzial Museum in Ber- 

 lin ; another is the museum of the city of Paris, recently opened in the 

 Hotel Canaveral. Many historical societies have collections of this 

 character. Some historical museums relate to a dynasty, as the Mu- 

 seum of the Hohenzollerns in Berlin. 



The cathedrals of southern Europe, and St. Paul's, in London, are in 

 some degrees national or civic museums. The Galileo Museum in Flor- 

 ence, the Shakespeare Museum at Stratford, are good examples of the 

 museums devoted to the memory of representative men, and the Mon 

 astery of St. Mark, in Florence, does as much as could be expected of 

 any museum for the life of Savonarola. The Sloane Museum in Loudon, 

 the Thorvaldsen Museum in Copenhagen, are similar in purpose and 

 result, but they are rather biographical than historical. There are also 

 others which illustrate the history of a race, as the Bavarian National 

 Museum in Nuremberg. 



The Museums of Fine Art are the most costly and precious of ail- 

 since they contain the master-pieces of the world's greatest painters and 

 sculptors. In Rome, Florence, Venice, Naples, Bologna, Parma, Milan, 

 Nurin, Modena, Padua, Ferrara, Brescia, Sienna and Pisa; in Munich, 

 Berlin, Dresden, Vienna, and Prague ; in Paris, and many provincial 

 cities of France; in London, St. Petersburg, Madrid, Copenhagen, 

 Brussels, Antwerp, and the Hague, are great collections, whose names 

 are familiar to us all, each the depository of priceless treasures of art. 

 Many of these are remarkable only for their pictures and statuary, 

 and might with equal right be called picture galleries ; others abound in 

 the minor products of artists, and are museums in the broader sense. 



Chief among them is the Louvre, in Paris, with its treasures worth a 

 voyage many times around the world to see; the Vatican, in Rome, 

 with its three halls of antique sculptures, its Etruscan, Egpytian, Pagan, 

 and Christian museums, its By zantiue gallery and its collection of medals ; 

 the Naples Museum (Musee di Studii) with its marvelous Pompeiian 

 .series; the Uffizi Museum in Florence, overflowing with paintings and 

 sculptures, ancient and modern, drawings, engraved gems, enamels, 

 ivories, tapestries, medals, and works of decorative art of every de- 

 scription. 



There are special collections on the boundary line between art and 

 ethnology, the manner of best installation for which has scarcely yet 

 been determined. The Louvre admits within its walls a museum of 

 ship models (Mus£e de Marine). South Kensington includes musical in- 

 struments, and many other objects equally appropriate in an ethnologi- 

 cal collection. Other art museums take up arms and armor, selected 

 costumes, shoes, and articles of household use. Such objects, like por- 



