EXPLANATION OF PLATE LXXIX. 



Fig. 1. Scraper. Of spruce wood. High arched on top and resting on its two 

 ends. The thumb groove is dee]) and pocketed. Finger grooves deeply 

 pocketed and divided by a thin partition. Undercut two-thirds across 

 the bottom, which is slightly arched up. Grip high arched and sub- 

 tended by a narrow bell-shaped tailpiece, the margin of which is pro- 

 longed. Socket a very deep mortise extending to the thumb and finger 

 pockets. 



Cat. No. 64177, U. S. N. M. Eskimo of Hotham Inlet, Alaska. Collected by Capt. P. 

 H. Ray. U. S. Army. 



Fig. 2. Scraper. Of walrus ivory. An abnormal specimen, made from the proxi- 

 mal end of a walrus tusk. Evidently the maker racked his ingenuity to 

 get the most out of his material. Provision for the thumb and first two 

 fingers is made by the core cavity in front. The undercut trenches 

 largely on the same cavity, which extends onward through the grip. The 

 socket is mortised an inch deep. 



Cat N.>. 64181, U. S. X. M. Eskimo of Hotham Inlet, Alaska. Collected by Capt. P. 

 H. Ray, U. S. Army. 



Fig. 3. Scraper. Handle of pine wood: blade of drab-colored chert: lashing of 

 unshredded sinew, with washers of rawhide. This is a rude specimen, 

 representing only the outline and commencement of the type characters 

 in the one-handed scraper. There is no thumb groove on the side: no 

 finger groove on the top. On the under face of the right-hand side are 

 two very shallow grooves for the ring and little finger. The protection 

 of the hand is secured by the angle of the handle. The blade has chip- 

 pings only on the upper side. It is laid in a roughly gouged hollow, so 

 as to bring its under surface flush with that of the handle. A Pawnee 

 Indian informed the writer that the careless lashing on so many hafted 

 tools is owing to the fact that the blade is continually taken out to lie 

 sharpened, which tallies with Lieutenant Stoney's testimony. 



Cat. No. 43405, U. S. N M. Eskimo of Cape Prince of Wales. Collected by Capt. P. 

 H. Ray. U. S. Army. 



