EXPLANATION OF PLATE LXXXI. 



Fig. 1. Fat-scraper. A strip of ivory 6 inches long, 1 inch wide, and shaped like a 

 knife blade, one-eighth of an inch thick at the back, where it is also bent 

 and held in position by a rawhide string passed once or twice across 

 through holes in the ends of the ivory and then carefully wrapped around 

 tbe cross strings. Its use is said to be for scraping fat from seal skins 

 to be put in the soapstone lamps. 



Cat. No. 63642, U. S. N. M. Eskimo of Cape Wankarem. Collected by Capt. P. H. 

 Ray, U. S. Army. 



Fig. 2. Fat-scraper. Made of a section of the lower end of a walrus tusk sawed 

 off like a napkin ring. The inner side being soft and the outer side hard, 

 it is the easiest thing in the world to scrape away the soft part, so as to 

 have an edge like the tooth of a rodent. Used to remove fat from skins 

 before dressing them. This form of scraper is not found in the Museum 

 collection except from Sledge Island and the Diomedes. 



Cat. No. 44990, U. S. N. M. Eskimo of Sledge Island. Collected by E. W. Nelson. 



Fig. 3. Fat-scraper. Made of a narrow, thin strip of antler bent in form of a 

 horseshoe and held in place by a strip of rawhide passed backward and 

 forward through two holes in each end and then wrapped in a neat coil 

 across. The loop on the outside of the ends is neatly countersunk. One 

 margin of the antler strip is scraped to an edge from within, so as to pre- 

 serve the outer hard portion for work. 



Cat. No. 44771, U. S. N. M. Eskimo of Sledge Island. Collected by E. W. Nelson. 



