90 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1893. 



Dr. Welling, who had iiioceeded as far as Loudou, was called home 

 by business connected with his university and was unable to return. 

 He therefore resigned, and Prof. D. G. Brinton, of the University of 

 Pennsylvania, was api)ointed to serve in his stead. Dr. Brinton, 

 accompanied by his assistant, IVIr. H. C. Mercer, arrived in Madrid 

 December 1 and spent several weeks in studying the collections in 

 both expositions and writing his report. 



Mrs. Zelia Xuttall, well known for her remarkable studies in Mexican 

 archaeology, was present for a considerable time at the exhibition, and 

 made an exhibit in the section of the United States. 



The exhibit of the United States was received with great favor, and 

 the friendly action of our Government in sending so extensive and 

 impressive an exhibit was greatly appreciated. Among the results to 

 which it led were the acceptance of the invitations of the Government 

 to the royal family and to the Duke of Veragua, the liberal response 

 of the Spanish Government to the invitation to participate as an exhib- 

 itor in the World's Fair, and, incidentally, the increased interest on the 

 part of the Latin-American Kepublics, manj^ ot which confessedly did 

 far more at Chicago, inspired by the example ot the Government of 

 Spain, than they would otherwise have done; and, incidentally, may it 

 be also noted, the speedy completion ot an important commercial treaty 

 between the United States and Spam, which had long been pending, 

 and which, until the action of Congress m connection with the Madrid 

 Exj^osition was known, seemed scarcely likely to be agreed to by 

 Spain. 



The exposition was undoubtedly a most successful one, and in many 

 respects one of the most noteworthy international expositions ever 

 held, although from its very nature it appealed more to the scholar 

 than to the general public, and consequently, so far as popular attend- 

 ance and financial outcome were concerned, was not noteworthy. The 

 various governments which participated were represented by men of 

 character and high scholarship, and the catalogues published by Spain 

 and by the several governments were important contributions to his- 

 tory and archeology, and several valuable reports have already been 

 printed by governments and specialists. Others are in preparation, and 

 the effects of the comparative display made will appear in historical 

 and archieological literature for a long time to come. A most note- 

 worthy indirect result was the publication of a considerable number of 

 imi)()rtiint historical monographs and collections of documents hitherto 

 uiii)ublished, which appeared in Madrid during the period of the expo- 

 sition. 



The Ninth Congress of Americanists, held at ITuelva, was one of the 

 most successful which has been held, and American scholars partici- 

 pated prominently in the discussions. The report of this congress, when 

 published will contain much that is of imi)ortance to archa'ology. 



The customary system of medals and diplomas pievailed at the expo- 



