REPORT OK ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 127 



rivalry and (lupli(!atioii, and to contribute so far as jtossihic to the .yon- 

 eral success of the fair, the scope of the National .Museum exhibit was 

 limited to North .Vmerica. 



Ill order to bring into sharp comparison the concepts of race, speech, 

 and activities among the American aborigines, it was ])roposed by 

 Prof. Mason that a special exhibit of arts and intlustries by linguistic 

 stocks should be the main feature, and that this should l)e founded on 

 the great linguistic map of North America, just then ])ublished by the 

 Director of the Bureau of Ethnology, as the crowning result of ethno- 

 logical labors on our continiMit during fifty years. 



The details of this plan are quoted in the words of Prof. Mason, in 

 the discussion of the labors of the Department of Ethnology. In this 

 connection the staff of the ^Museum and Bureau of Ethnology cooper- 

 ated — Prof. Mason representing the Museum and Mr. H. W. Henshaw 

 the Bureau of Ethnology. This cooperation was interrupted for sev- 

 eral months by ]\Ir. Henshaw's absence from the city, but a month 

 before the opening of the exhibit Prof. W. II. Holmes was assigned 

 by Maj. Powell to represent the interest of the Bureau of Ethnology, 

 and by him most efficient services were rendered, not only in preparing 

 illustrations of his own remarkable investigations, but in advising and 

 directing the x)reparators in arranging groups of costumed figures, etc. 

 In this work Mr. Frank H. Cushing, through his familiarity with the 

 customs and arts of the Pueblo people, rendered also most valuable 

 services. Mr. James Mooney also participated, and the group of Kiowa 

 children, prepared under his direction, was among the most attractive 

 of them all. But for his absence in the field, collecting material, he 

 would have been able to devise others of similar excellence. Dr. W. J. 

 Hoffman superintended the preparation of groups of Northern Indians. 



As has been stated, the plan upon which the combined exhibitions 

 of the Bureau of Ethnology and of the National Museum were arranged, 

 was developed by Prof, ^lason, who describes in the foHowing words 

 its principal characteristics: 



The plan of setting up the products of aboriginal art in accordance with the lin- 

 guistic chart .just published l)y the Bureau of Etlmology was carried out so far as 

 the material would admit. Some of the stocks have disappeared altogether, and it 

 would be impossible to give a picture of their arts. Others are reduced to such 

 small numbers, and they are living now under such euforceil circumstances, that it 

 would l)e of little use to attempt to reproduce their primitive mode of life. 



There are certain great stocks and groups of stocks, however, that are yet to be 

 found in respectable numbers, and they were formerly spread out over vast areas, 

 which iu themselves constitute culture-regions. The stocks selected for represen- 

 tation at the Exposition were those which had developed unique types of culture; 

 for example, the Eskimo for the Arctic area; the Koloschan, Wakashau, Haeltzukau, 

 and Salishan stocks dwelling in the archipelagos and on the mainland of the north- 

 west coast of America; the Athapascan stock, dwelling in three extremely diti'erent 

 culture areas, to wit: iu northwest Canada and Alaska; iu northern California, 

 and in New Mexico and Arizona; the Algonkiau stock, whose trilies once covered 

 the entire region of northern and eastern North America, bounded on the south by 

 southern Tennessee and ou the west by the 117th meridian; the Irocjuoian stock, sur- 



