REPORT OF ASSISTANT SECRETARY. 133 



the provinces of Cuuada, tlie various States of the United States, ami 

 the Latin Republics are brought together. 



In this department, also, much of the energy of the year has been 

 devoted to preparing collections for expositions. The curator was 

 attached to the statf of the United States Commission at the Historical 

 American Exposition at Madrid from August, 1802, until December, 

 when he was unexpectedly called upon to return. 



The exhibit prepared under his supervision for the ^\"orld*s Fair 

 was shown also at Madrid, and is explained at length in the special 

 paper to be included in the report of the American (.'ominission. It 

 is described in brief in the following statement from the pen of the 

 antlior: 



The exhibit of this departmeut at Madrid comprised 2,500 prehistoric objects, 

 which were displayed in 19 douljle slope-top cases iu the main hall assigned to the 

 United States. The exhibit at Chicago comi)rised 1.250 specimens, arranged in 7 

 flat-top cases in an alcove belonging to the space assigned to the V. S. National 

 Mnseum. The general arrangement of objects iu these two expositions was much 

 the same; that is, it was both chronological and according to function. The 

 implements aud objects belonging to the earliest period showing human occupation 

 were arranged in the first cases, and consisted principally of those belonging to 

 that which is in England called the Alluvial or Drift Period; in France, the 

 Chelleau Epoch of the Paleolithic Period. The various epochs of the Paleolithic 

 Age were represented by implements from northern and southern England; from 

 all parts of France; from Italy, Spain, and Portugal; from Egypt, by a loan display 

 from Prof. H. W. Haynes, of Boston; and from Hindostan, Asia. There were casts 

 of several prehistoric skulls from Europe — the Neanderthal, Olmo, Laugerie Basse 

 and Engis. 



Implements similar iu form, style, and manufacture to. those of the Paleolithic 

 Age of European countries were shown as coming from the United States, which 

 objects, if found in Europe, would be undoubtedly accepted as paleolithic. The 

 investigations in this respect in the United States of America have not been so pro- 

 found as in Europe, and anthropologists are not unanimous concerning the conclu- 

 sions to be drawn therefrom. There were shown a fossil human thorax and a fossil 

 human skull aud thigh-bone, the two latter changed to limonite, all from Florida, 

 found by Judge John G. Webb; a fossil i)yrula shell, beariugthe prehistoric engrav- 

 ing of a mammoth; implements from the auriferous gravels under Table Mountain, 

 California; others from the Walker River Canyon, in the extinct Quarternary Lake 

 Lahontan, Utah; still others from Fossil Lake, Oregon. These were followed by 

 prehistoric objects of the Neolithic or Polished Stone Age, those from Europe having 

 precedence. England, France, Spain, Italy, Switzerland, Germany, Denmark, Swe- 

 den, Norway, Russia, the Island of Crete, .Japan, aud Cambodia were all represented. 

 The implements from these countries were much the same as those from the United 

 States. 



In the display made from the United States every .State and Territory was repre- 

 sented by objects belonging to prehistoric man — polished stone hatchets, grooved 

 axes and drille<l axes, arranged in series .according to form, style, and size; stone 

 mauls, adzes, gouges, some from the West Indies of shell ; extensive series of caches 

 of leaf-shaped aud other stone implements, priucipally from Pennsylvania and Ohio, 

 though some were from Tennessee and Arkansas; a full series of implements from 

 the quarries and workshops of Flint Ri<lge, Licking County. Ohio; scrapers, of all 

 kinils; arrow- and spear-heads .arranged iu the latest classification, leaf-shaped, 

 triangular, and stemuicd, ami those of peculiar form: large flint disks; ceremonial 



