POISONOUS SNAKES OF NORTH AMERICA. 445 



The Pacific Rattlesnake. 



Crotalus lucifer,* Baird and Girard 



Plate 13. 



1842. — ? Crotalus oregonus, Holbrook, N. Am. Herpet., 2 ed., iii, p. 21, pi. in. — Dk 

 Kay, Zool. N. Y., iii, p. 57 (1842). — Baird aud Girard, N. Am. Serp., 

 p. 145 (1853).— Baird, Pac. R. R. Rept. x, p. 14, pi. xxiv, tig, 6 (1859).— 

 Cope, Proc. Phila. Ac, 1859 (p. 337). 

 1852. — Crotalus lucij'er, Baird and Girard, Proc. Phila. Acad., vi, p. 177. — Baird 

 and Girard, Cat. N. Am. Serp., p. 6 (1853). — Girard, U. S. Expl. Exp., 

 Herpet., p. 187, pi. xv, tigs. 1-6 (1858).— Baird, Pac. R. R. Rep., x, 

 Williamson's R. in 1855, p. 10 (1859).— Cope, Proc. Phila. Acad., 1859, 

 p. 337.— Cope in Wheeler's Surv. West 100 Mer., v, p. 533 (1875).— Cope 

 Bull. U. S. Nat. Mas., No. 1, p. 33, (1875).— Cooper, Pac. R. R. Rep., 

 XII, Pt. iii, p. 295 (18G0).— Lord, Natural. Vancouv. Isl., ii, p. 303 (1866)— 

 LocKiNGTON, Amer. Natural., 1880, p. 295. — Garman, Rept. Batr. N. Am., 

 I, Ophid.,p. 114 (1883).— Yarrow, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus., No. 24, Check 

 List, pp. 12, 76 (1883).— To^^xsEND, Proc, U. S. Nat. Mus., x, 1887, p. 

 239.— Beiir, Proc Calif. Acad. Sc. (2) i, June 1888, p. 94.— Stejxeger, N. 

 Amer. Fauna, No. 5, p. Ill (1891). — Stejxeger, N. Amer. Fauna, No. 7, p. 

 218 (1893.)— COUE8, Hist. Exp. Lewis and Clark, in, pp. 898, 968 (1893).— 

 Denburgh, Bull. U. S, Fish Comm., 1894, p. 57. — Caudisona lucifer, 

 Cope, in Mitchell's Res. Ven. Rattlesn., p. 121 ^1861).— Cope, Proc. 

 Phila. Acad., 1866, p. 309.— COUES. in Wheeler's Surv. West 100 Mer., v 

 (p. 606) (1875). 



1875. — Crotalus conflue)iius, (part) Yarrow, in Wheeler's Surv. West 100 Mer., 

 V, p. 530. 



1877. — Crotalus adamanteus atrox, Streets, Bull. U. S. Nat. Mus. No. 7. \i. 40 (not 

 of B. »fc G.) 



1883.— C*-o/«/((s confluentus lucifer, Cope, Proc. Phila. Acad., 1883, pp. 11, 19, 22.— 

 Cope, Proc.U. S. Nat. Mus., xiv, 1891, p. 692 (1892).— Cope, Proc. Phila. 

 Acad., 1893, p. 183. 



1859. — Crotalus levontei, Hallowell, Rep. Pac. R. R., X, Williamson's Route in 

 18.53, p. 18 (not of 1852). 



1863. — Crotalus adamanteus, var lucifer, J.\N, Eleuc. Sist, Otid.,p. 124. 



1883. — Crotalus oreijouus, var lucifer, Gar.max, Rept. Batr. N. Am., i, Ophid., ji. 

 173. 



1892, — Crotalus confluentus Iccontei, CoPE, Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., xiv, p. 692 (not 

 of Ha."ow.). 



1868.— ICrotalus hallowelli, Cooper, in Cronise, Nat. Wealth Calif., p. 483 (nom. 

 nud.). — Cooper, Proc. Calif, ^cad. Nat. Sc, iv, 1870, p. 68 (uom. uud.). 



Figures. — Girard, U. S. Expl. Exp., Herpet., Atlas, pi. xv, hgs. 1-6 (1858), — 

 Baird, Pac. R. R. Rep., x, Williamson's Route in 1855, pi. xi (1859). — Hal- 

 lowell, Pac. R. R. Rep., x, Williamson's Route in 1853, pi. in (1859). — Stand- 

 ard Natural History, in, pi. facing, p. 398 (1885^. 



Description.] — Muzzle broad. Scales between the superciliaries 

 (supraoculars) numerous, small, aud uniform. Plates on the top of 

 head, 4 prefrontal, (internasals) 4 postfroutal (prefoutals), or else irreg- 

 ular. Three rows scales between the suborbitals aud labials. Labials 

 1(5 above; first aud fifth largest; 15 below. Dorsal rows 25, exterior 



* Probably so named with reference to its supposed diabolical appearance or nature, 

 t The original description by S. F, Baird, in Baird and Girard's N, Am, Serp., p. 6. 



