674 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1893. 



whether fouud around the Kokonor, in eastern, western, or central 

 Tibet, offer a uniform type which may be called the Brupa type. 



The second type of the Tibetan race is found in those sections of the 

 country in which there are permanent habitations. It is a mixed race, 

 becoming more Chinese as one goes toward China, or more Indian 

 (Xepalese or Kashmiri) as one travels southward or westward. The 

 reason of the very pronounced departure of this portion of the present 

 Tibetan population from its original type is easily accounted for in the 

 custom of foreign traders, soldiers, pilgrims, or ofticials inhabiting 

 the country, of never bringing their wives into Tibet, but taking 

 native concubines, a custom, by the way, common in most parts of Asia. 

 In as small a population as that of Tibet, which does not probably 

 exceed 3,000,000 (Journ. Eoy. Asiat. Soc, n. s., xxiii, p. 14), where the 

 principal centers of population are and have been inhabited by com- 

 paratively large numbers of foreigners for several centuries at least, 

 this profound alteration of the primitive tyi)e is easily accounted for 

 in this manner. 



Among the Drupa Tibetans the males measure about 5 feet 5 inches; 

 the feiiiales not appreciably less.* The head is brachycephalic ; the 

 hair, when worn, is nearly invariably wavy; the eyes are usually of 

 a clear brown, in some cases even hazel; the cheekbones are high, but 

 not as high as with the Mongols; the nose is thick, sometimes 

 depressed at the root, in other cases prominent, even aquiline, but 

 usually narrow, but the nostrils are broad; the teeth are strong, but 

 irregular; the ears, with tolerably large lobes, stand out from the head, 

 but to a less degree than with the ^Longols; the mouth is broad, the 

 lips not very full, and among the people in the lower regions decidedly 

 thin; the beard is very thin and, with the exception of the mustache, 

 which is sometimes worn, especially in central Tibet, it is carefully 

 plucked out with tweezers. Though 1 have seen a few men in central 

 Tibet, at Draya and Ch'amdo, for instance, with tolerably heavy beards 

 and hair all over their bodies, as a general rule Tibetans liave no hair on 

 their limbs or chests. The shoulders are broad, the arms normal; the 

 legs not well developed, the calf especially small. The foot is large, 

 the hand coarse. 



The women are usually stouter than the men, their faces much fidler; 

 their breasts are not large, nor are they very pendent. They do not 

 appear to be very prolific; I have never seen in any one family more 

 than six or seven children; many are barren. They do not entirely 

 lose their good looks before 30 or 35. Thej^ are as strong, or perhaps 

 even stronger than the men ; because, obliged to do hard work from child- 

 hood, their muscles are more fully developed than those of the men, 

 who neither carry water on their backs, work at the looms, nor tend 

 the cattle. The women's hair is long and coarse, but not very thick; it 

 remains black, or only mixed with a little white to extreme old age. I 

 have rarely seen one with white hair ; this remark applies also to the men. 



*See Brian H. Hodgson, miscellaneous essays relating to Indian subjects, ii, p. 95. 



