g92 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1893. 



Ou pi. o, tig-. 12, is shown a small gilt (/a wo set with turquoises. It is 

 1^ inclies square. This (/awo is also of Lh^asa make, but is distinctly 

 :N'ei>alese in its filagree style of ornamentation. Other (/awos showing 

 this Kepalese style of ornamentation (the best silversmiths in Tibet are 

 Nepalese and Chinese) are shown in Dr. J. D. Hooker's Himalayan 

 Journals, i, pp. 170, 270. A small wooden gaico purchased in Mon- 

 golia, containing a gilt terracotta image of a tutelary deity, is in the 

 Museum collection. It is probably of Tibetan origin. 



The other ornaments worn by the men of Tibet are finger rings, whi<h 

 are the same as those previously referred to as being worn on the queues, 

 or else bands of chased silver in which are set turquoises or coral beads 

 (pi. 5, figs. G-11). The women frequently wear a smaller gold ring set 

 with a.cluster of small turquoises. These Tibetan rings are found nmoug 

 the Mongols of the Ts'aidam, who obtain their jewelry from passing 

 Tibetan travelers or when visiting Lh'asa or Trashilunpo on a pilgrim- 

 age. Two of these rings shown on the plate mentioned are known to 

 the Chinese in Tibet as the "Tibetan saddle ring," on account of their 

 shape. They are chiefly made in Derge, in eastern Tibet (Laud of the 

 Lamas, pp. 202, 227). 



I have seen in certain portions of Tibet (Miri, near Shobando, for 

 instance) the men wearing necklaces of coral beads and a substance 

 which I believe is onyx, and which is called by them ze. (Diary of a 

 journey, etc., p. 275.) 



Most of the ornaments worn by Tibetan women are displayed on 

 their hair. Among the Panaka of the Kokonor, where, as previously 

 explained, the women's hair is plaited in innumerable little braids fall- 

 ing from the crown of the head over their shoulders and back like a 

 cloak, they have three broad bands of red satin or cloth fastened to 

 the hair. On these are- attached embossed silver plates or cowrie 

 shells, pieces of chank shell, and large pieces of red agate called "Chi- 

 nese cornelian" {Han ma-nao) by Chinese traders, and which are said to 

 be brought from Liao-tung. Besides these they wear turquoises, coral, 

 or glass beads. Two of the bands begin at the height of the shoulders 

 and the middle one at the waist; all of them reach down to the lower hem 

 of the gown. The same kind of hoop earring as previously described 

 is worn in both their ears, but most of the women wear none. 



Among the Iv amba of eastern Tibet the hair of the women is dressed 

 in the same way as among the Panaka, but the usual ornaments are 

 discoidal pieces of amber, in the center of which coral beads are fre- 

 quently set. A number of these disks are worn on the crown of the 

 head. On the bauds of cloth which de]iend from the plaits hanging 

 down the back are also sewn similar amber disks or silver ornaments. 

 (Land of the Lamas, p. 181.) 



In portions of eastern Tibet, more especially the Horba country, 

 Lit'aug and Chala (Ta-chien-lu), the married women wear large gold or 

 silver plaques on their heads, sometimes wearing one set in front or on 

 the back of the head (as in Hoiba and Chala), sometimes one on either 



