46 REPORT OF THE SECRETARY. 



instrumeutal aucoiupauiments, and in single voice effects as well as iu chorus. Alto- 

 gether he spent five mouths in field work, of which part was exploratory. 



Col. Garrick Mallery spent the greater part of the mouth of September among the 

 Indians of northern Wisconsin and northeastern Minnesota for the purpose of .veri- 

 fying and correcting notes obtained through correspondence. 



Dr. W. J. Hoffman spent July and August and a portion of September among the 

 Ottawa Indians near Petoskey, Mich., the Ojibwa Indians at La Pointe Reservation, 

 Wis., and the Meuomoni Indians at Keshena iu the same State, and among the several 

 tribes information pertaining to their customs aud beliefs was obtained. 



Mr. J. Oweu Dorsey spent the mouth of January, 1894, on the Kwapa Reservation 

 iu Indian Territory, investigating the social organization of the tribe and recording 

 their myths and traditions. 



During the earlier part of the j'ear the Director took advantage of opportunities 

 growing out of work in connection with the Geological Survey on the Pacific Coast to 

 A'isit several Indian tribes and to continue his researches relating to their habits, 

 myths, and languages. 



ARCHEOLOGY. 



Mr. W. H. Holmes was occupied throughout the year in archa'ologic researches, 

 chiefly iu eastern United States. The first half of July was spent iu organizing the 

 work of the year, aud later he proceeded to ditterent jjoiuts iu Delaware Valley for 

 the purpose of continuing studies of ancient quarries and quarry shops. A new 

 quarry shop was discovered on Delaware River, 15 miles above Trenton, yielding 

 rejects corresponding precisely with the objects so abundantly found iu the gravels 

 on which the city of Trenton is built, and which were formerly classed as paleoliths. 

 Subsequently he visited a number of interesting localities in Ohio, giving especial 

 attention to the gravels at Newcomerstown, in or apparently iu which an artificially 

 shaped stone has been found, this being the only case now strougly held to indicate 

 the existence of man during the Glacial period in this country. 



In October he visited an island in Potomac River, near Point of Rocks, flooded by 

 a recent freshet in such manner as to lay bare an ancient village and aboriginal 

 workshop. This workshop proved of considerable interest in that here unmistak- 

 able indication was found, for the first time that blocks of stone were used as anvils 

 in the production of certain classes of stone implements and weapons. 



During February he directed the exploitation, by Mr. William Dinwiddie, of an 

 aboriginal steatite quarry near Clifton, Va. This quarry was found especially 

 instructive by reason of its large size, the great number of partly com2)leted uteusils 

 found within the opening aud iu the neighboring dump heap, and in the excellence 

 of its preservation. 



In April Mr. Holmes, accompanied by Mr. McGee, repaired to an interesting site 

 near the mouth of Pass Creek, not far from Luray, Va., for the jiurpose of collect- 

 ing additional data relating to a noteworthy series of stone art i)roducts, to which 

 attention was called during the preceding fiscal year by Mr. Gerard Fowke. 



A considerable) additional collection Avas made and an aboriginal cemetery was 

 discovered iu a neighboring field, aud from it a typical collection of mortuary pot- 

 tery was taken. The stone art jiroducts in this locality are of excejitional interest, 

 as the "turtleback" forms are rejects from the manufacture of celts. The rejects 

 hitherto studied by Mr. Holmes represent, exclusively or iiredominantly, narrow- 

 pointed instruments such as spear points or arrow heads, while those found at the 

 mouth of Pass Creek represent predominantly the manufacture of broad and thin 

 pointed objects. A sufiiciently complete series of rejects aud nearly comjdeted 

 forms to illustrate all stages in manufacturing was brought together. 



Mr. McGee extended the observatious from this locality up Pass Creek with the 

 purpose of discovering the original source of the stream pebbles aud cobbles used by 

 the primitive artisans, aud was rewarded by finding, well toward the head waters 

 of the stream, a large mass of intrusive rock, from which the pebbles were originally 



