FERTILIZATION OF SPRING FLOWERS ON THE YORKSHIRE COAST. 139 



E. Lorticola Beg., '95 ; Byrpluis lasiophthalmus Ztt., '95 ; S. 

 maculatus Ztt., '95; Platycliirns sp., '96; Melanostoma quadri- 

 niaculatum Verrall, sh., '95. Ds. : Calliphora cognata Mg., sh. 

 '95, '96; C. erytbrocepbala Mg., sh., '95; C. vomitoriaL., sh., '95 

 C. sepulchrahsMg.,sh.,'95; LuciliacornicinaF.,sh.andfp., '95, '96 

 Pollenia rudis F., '95 ; Scatophaga stercoraria L., sh. and fp., '95 

 '96; Hylemyiasp., '95; Lasiops sp., sh., '95 ; Phorbia sp., '95, '96 

 Coelopa sp.y '96 ; Helomyza sp., fp. and sh., '95 ; Actora sestuum 

 Mg., fp., '96 ; Sepsis nigripes Mg., sh. and fp., '95, '96 ; Ephydrid, 

 1 sp., 95; Phora sp., '95, '96; Cecidomyia sp., '95; and 2 other 

 species of fiy. C : MeHgethes picipes Sturm, fp., '95, '96 ; 

 Omahnm florale Payk., '96; Thyamis fuscicolhs Foudr., '95. T. : 

 Thrips sp., '95. Araneida : Xysticus pini Hahn, frequently lying 

 in wait for flies, '95. 



Petasites frayrans Presl. — Dm. : Eristalis pertinax Scop. ; 

 Melauostoma qn'adrimaculatum Verrall. Ds. : Calliphora cognata 

 Mg., fp. ; 0. sepulchralis Mg., fp. ; Lucilia cornicina F. All '95. 



^■Tetasites vulgaris Desf. — HI. : Bombus terrestris L., sh., '96. 

 Hm. : Andrena gwynaua K., ?,'95. Ds. : Chironomus sp., '95. 

 Hem. : Heterocordylus sp., '95. 



*Senecio VULGARIS L. — Ds. : Anthomyiid?, '95. 



"•'Taraxacum officinale Web. — HI. : Apis mellifica L., sh., in- 

 frequent, '96 ; Bombus terrestris L., sh., '96 ; B. muscorum F., sh., 

 '96; B. agrorum F., sh., '96. Hm. : Andrena gwynana K., sh., 

 '96; A. clarkella K., '96; Nomada borealis, sh., once, '96. Hs. : 

 1 sp. of ichneumon, sh.,' 96. L. : Pieris rapre L., sh., '96; Vanessa 

 urticje L., sh., '96. Dm. : Eristalis pertinax Scop., sh., '96 ; E. ar- 

 bustorum L., sh., '96. Ds. : Calliphora erytbrocepbala Mg., '96 ; 

 Lucilia cornicina F., sh., '96 ; Stomoxys sp. ?, fp., '96 ; Scatophaga 

 stercoraria L., sh. and fp., '96, most frequently fp. ; Helomyza 

 sp., sh., '95 ; Sepsis nigripes Mg., sh., '95, '96 ; Dilophus albipennis 

 Mg., fp., '96; Phora sp., '96. C : Meligethes picipes Sturm, 

 sh. and fp., '96 ; Apion sp., '96. T. : Thrips sp., '96. 



{iSonchus olcraceua L. — No visitors.] 



Class VII. (II.) Bee-flowers par e.veellence. 



Viola odorata L. — No visitors seen. 



Viola canina L. — HI. : Bombus terrestris L., sh., '96. Ds. : 

 Sepsis nigripes Mg., sh., '95. Each once. 



Ulex EUROP.ZEUS L. — Hi. : Apis mellifica L., cp. and sometimes 

 seeking h., '96, frequent ; Bombus terrestris L., cp. and seeking h., 

 '96; B. lapidarius L., seeking b., '96. Hm. : Andrena clarkella 

 K., cp.?, '96. Dm.: Eristalis pertinax Scop., seeking h., '96; 

 E. arbustorum, fp., '96; Melanostoma quadrimaculatum Verrall, 

 fp., '95. Ds. : Lucilia cornicina F., seeking h., '96; Hylemyia 

 sp., seeking h., '95; Sepsis nigripes Mg., seeking h., '96; and 

 another species of fly, '96. C : Meligethes picipes Sturm, fp., 

 '96; Apion ulicis Forst., '95; Micrambe vini Panz., fp. and 

 seeking h., '95, '96. T. : Thrips sp., '95, '96; very abundant 

 in '95. Araneida : Philodromus aureolus Clerck, lying in wait on 

 uuesploded flowers and within the keel of exploded flowers, '95. 



