306 THE BERLIN RULES FOR NOMENCLATURE. 



Ficiis indica, Circcea lutetiana, Brassica Najnis, Solanum Dulcamara, 

 Lythrum Hi/ssopifolia, Isachne Battneri, Sabicea Henninfisiana. 



9. — In the formation of genera- and species-names from proper 

 names a is added for the genus to those names ending in a vowel or r: 

 i is added for the species. Thus, Glazioua (from Glaziou), Bureaiia 

 (from Bureau), Schiltzea (from Schiitze), Kernera (from Kerner), 

 and Glazioid. Bureaui, Schutzei, Kerneii ; if the name ends in a, 

 we change this vowel for euphony to « ; thus from Colla is formed 

 Colhna ; in all other cases ia or ii is added to the name ; thus, 

 Schiitzia (from Schiitz), Schi'itzii, &c. This applies also to names 

 ending in us, as Mar/nusia, Maijnusii (not Magni), Hieronymusia, 

 HIeronymusii (not Hieronymi) ; in the same way are formed the 

 adjectival forms of proper names, as SchUtzeana, Schiitziana, May- 

 misiana. It is no longer customary to make a difference in the 

 use of the genitive and adjectival form. 



10. — In the formation of composite Latin and Greek substantives 

 or adjectives, the vowel which is between the two roots is used as a 

 connecting vowel, in Latin /, in Greek o ; menthifolia is correct 

 therefore, not menthifolia. 



11. — We recommend the avoiding of such names as would pro- 

 duce tautology, such as Linaria Linaria or Elvasia elvasoides ; in 

 the same way it is allowable to dispense with priority when it is a 

 question of names which have arisen through obvious errors of 

 geography on the part of the author ; such as Asclcpias syriaca L. 

 (which comes from the United States), Leptopetalum mexkanum 

 Hook. & Arn. (from the Liu-Kiu Islands). 



12. — Hybrids are denoted by connecting the names of the 

 parents with x , and preserving the alphabetical order of the 

 species-names; as Cirshun palustre x rivulare ; in the position of 

 the names no notice is taken as to which is male and which female. 

 The double nomenclature for hybrids is not considered admissible 

 by us. 



13. — Manuscript names have not under any circumstances a 

 right of consideration, even when they appear on printed labels in 

 exsiccata. This holds good for gardeners' names and for names in 

 sale catalogues. For the recognition of any species a printed 

 diagnosis is required, which may of course appear on an "exsiccata 

 label." 



14. — An author has no right to alter the name of a genus or 

 species once given by him, except for very important reasons, as in 

 Rule 11. 



[While agreeing in the main with the principles laid down in 

 the above Rules, the following observations occur to us : — 



1. — With regard to the date of the beginning of priority, we are 

 not clear why the double date " 1753/54" is given. 



2. — This rule seems to us open to serious objection. What is 

 meant by "general use"? How many citations are necessary to 

 constitute such use, at what intervals of time, and by what class of 

 author? What is a "monograph" — is it of an order, a genus, or a 

 species? and what flora is to be considered a "large" one? How 



