472 MONOGKAPH OF THE BRITISH SPECIES OF EUPHRASIA. 



Mayo, Lougb Mask (1895); E. S. Marshall. (? Ulster, Lough 

 Neagh ; TF. W. Neu-bould in litt. Ap. 9, 1860). 



The Castle Taylor and Garryland locality was given by A. G. 

 More in the Scottish Gardener as for E. [/racilis Fr., but in 1860 he 

 suggested the name E. Salisbun/ensis in Nat. Hist. Eeview, vii. 

 p. 434, and in 1866 he records it in Cyhele Hihernica as E. cuprca 

 Jord. 



This species occurs on rocky limestone ground, and apparently 

 not ascending 100 ft. above sea-level on the east coast of Ireland. 



Mr. N. Colgan, in the Irish Naturalist (vi. p. 105, 1897), has 

 shown that I was incorrect in stating in Journ. Bot. 1896, p. 441, 

 that no representative of the group Anrjustifulia had hitherto been 

 recorded as a native of the British Isles. It will be seen by the 

 above records that in Cyhele Hihernica this species was recorded 

 under Jordan's name E. cuprca, but as a form of the aggregate 

 E. officinalis L. Specimens were sent to Mons. Boreau, who named 

 them E. cuprea Jord. I think there can be no doubt that all the 

 Irish specimens must be referred to E. Salisburgensis, as small 

 forms of that species. E. cuprea Jord. is also a small form, but 

 has " ramis patulis " and flowers " roseo-lilacinfe " ; the leaves and 

 bracts are thicker than in more normal forms, and are also patent 

 or subarcuate. The Irish plant cannot be thus characterized ; it 

 has suberect branches leaves and bracts, and the flowers are white. 

 I have compared it with specimens named by Jordan and cannot see 

 that it approaches them except in size. 



E. Salisburyensis has a remarkably wide north and south distri- 

 bution and occurs in remarkably isolated areas ; particularly in its 

 extreme north and extreme south limits. The nearest localities to 

 Ireland in which it has been observed, and these are only three 

 very isolated ones, are in Norway and Sweden. It does not occur 

 again in Europe in a nearer latitude than that of the Swiss moun- 

 tains. It is eminently an alpine species, and I have traced it as 

 high as 7800 ft. above sea-level. As might be expected from its 

 wide geographical range and its extensive range in altitude, several 

 varieties have been noted. In damp and moist situations the leaves 

 and bracts are usually broader, while in drier ones they are narrower. 

 The leaves of some of the more marked varieties are figured in 

 Tab. 303 of Journ. Bot. for 1896. The Irish plant is from 3-4 in. 

 in height, and is branched. The leaves of the specimens I have 

 seen from Lough Mask, Co. Mayo, are all obtuse and with obtuse 

 teeth, and even the teeth of the lower bracts are obtuse ; the leaves 

 and bracts have only two teeth on either side, these being very 

 short. The leaves and bracts of specimens from Menlough, Co. Gal- 

 way, and from near Ballyvaughan, Co. Clare, are more normal, 

 having from 2-3 teeth on either side, these being subpatent and 

 even aristate. 



From all species indigenous to the British Isles this may be 

 known by its leaves and bracts having only 1-3 teeth on either 

 side, and these being distant and patent. The only species for 

 which it might be mistaken is E. gracilis, but from this it may be 

 distinguished by its branches springing from below the middle, as 



