532 VARIETIES. 



appearance among my weaning calves, from two to nine months 

 old, twenty of which were weaned off, and seven younger ones 

 still fed from the pail, and kept near home ; both lots became 

 affected about the same time, which is about a month since; 

 the whole twenty-seven have had it, eight have died, some 

 have got better, scarcely any have quite recovered ; some have 

 died in a few days, others linger for weeks. They are reared 

 on milk, hay tea, linseed jelly, gruel made from wheat meal 

 and pot liquor, with salt mixed, and fed three times a day. 



The symptoms are, cough, (particularly when driven,) short 

 breathing, with a discharge of frothy saliva at the mouth, dul- 

 ness, and hanging of the head and ears. I first treated it for 

 inflammation on the lungs, by bleeding, blistering the sides, 

 and opening drenches of Epsom salts with oil. When one or 

 two had died, I recollected having seen in the " Farmer's 

 Journal," some years ago, an account of a disease with symp- 

 toms somewhat similar, caused by worms in the throat, and 

 which was stated to have been cured by pouring turpentine 

 into the nostrils. On opening those that had died, I found 

 the worms inside the windpipe, and down into and throughout 

 the lungs, from one to three inches long, and very white, so 

 that when the lungs were cut open, they had the appearance 

 of being interwoven with white thread ; I examined them with 

 a microscope, — they are somewhat like a common earthworm, 

 but whiter. I tried several experiments as to what would kill 

 them quickest. I found lime, salt, and spirits of turpentine, all 

 effectual, even mixed with water ; but the difficulty is getting 

 any thing to the part so as to come in contact with the disease, 

 the stomach and lungs being so completely separate. 



Mr. White, of Wells, in Somersetshire, in his Treatise on 

 Cattle Medicine, says, — the " hoarse or cough genei'ally 

 attacks calves in winter, and is caused by very small worms 

 being engendered in the branches of the windpipe. It is 

 sometimes cured when attended to early, but if neglected at 

 this period, more commonly proves fatal. The remedy that 

 has been found most effectual is a drench, composed of a table- 

 spoonful of oil of turpentine, a little sweet oil, with six ounces 

 of warm water, poured into the nostrils ; probably the worms 

 would be destroyed if the calf were made to breathe the vapour 

 of oil of turpentine, or a mixture of turpentine and tar. I 

 succeeded in one case, that was rather recent, by giving two 



