CHAPTER II. 



CROSSES AND FERTILITY OF WILD SPECIES OF PIGEONS. 

 The species emjiloyed with some success in crossing are the following: 



Feral species, 



1. Oriental turtle-dove . . Turtur orientalis Lath. 



2. I)inn|ji',in iiirllc-cl..\e turtur Linn. 



:i. ( hiiirsc I iiiil(-(l,,\, Spilopclia chinensis Scop. 



-1. '1 i^' r till 1 1< -iluM tigrina Temm. 



o. Suratc tiirtle-ilii\r suratensis Gm. 



0. Senegal turtle-dove Stigniatopelia senegalensis Linn. 



7. Blond ring-dove Streptopelia risoria ^ Linn. 



8. White ring-dove alba Knip and Temm. 



9. Japanese ring-dove douraca Hodgs. 



10. Red ring-dove humilis Temm. 



11. Cape ring-dove capicola Sundcv. 



12. Damar ring-dove damarensis Fiiisoh and Hartl. 



13. Passenger-pigeon Kri..|.i i- - huli .td m- lnm. 



14. Mourning-dove '/.' " lnm. 



15. Zenaida-dove Zi n i ; m. i i I; : kw . 



16. White-winged pigeon Mi N.pi li i I. Mr,,|,i, i:, i mn 



17. Wood-pigeon Colunilja palumbus Linn. 



18. Tibetan pigeon leuconota Vig. 



19. Guinea-pigeon guinea Linn. 



20. Wild rock-pigeon livia Bonn. 



21. Stock-dove cenas Linn. 



Domestic races crossed with feral. 



22. Fantail (black) Coluniba laticauda. 



2.3. Fantail (white) laticauda. 



24. Homer tabellaria. 



25. Tumbler gyrans. 



26. Archangel illyrica. 



27. Mondain admista. 



28. Checquered rock affinis doniestica. 



29. Two-barred rock livia domestica. 



30. Owl-rock hybrid turbata X livia. 



Besides these primary crosses, most of the hybrids have been bred, or, where 



not fertile, the fertility has been repeatedly tested. In other cases fertile hybrids 

 have been crossed with hybrids of other species, and as many as five species thus 

 combined in a final hybrid. (A 1/7) 



other wild species bred in captivity. 



31. Spultrd iiiiipon Columba maculosa Temm. 



.'5-'. , rufina Temm. 



:i.'i. r.,iiMl-i:iil fasciata Say. 



34 gymnopthalma Temm. 



35. AVhitc-crowned pigeon leucocephala Linn. 



36. Eversmann's dove eversmanni Bp. 



37. Inca-dove Scardafella inca Less. 



38 Leptoptila reichenbachi Pclz. 



39 br.nhviil.iM C. K.Gr. 



40 .■Iili.i.uirli.iii-i i''i Gigl. and Salv. 



Ocyphap.s Inpli.iir,. I I mill. 



Zenaida amiil.ilis lip. 



43. Bronzo-wini; Phaps chalcoptera Lath. 



44. Whito-fiiii'il iiif;ioii Leucosarcia picata Lath. 



45. Red-shniildcrril duvc Geopelia humeralis Temm. 



46. Peaceful ground-dnve tranquilla Gould. 



47. Barred ground-dove striata Linn. 



48. Diamond-dove cuneata Lath. 



49. Quail-dove Geotrygon sp. 



50. Florida ground-dove Chamsepelia passerina Linn. 



51. Ground-dove talpacoti Temm. 



52. Bronze-wing Phaps elegans Temm. (SS 2). 



' Bonaparte, Consp. Av., 11, (i.i, is.". I- Sir i hapter XV for full discussion. — Editor. 



2 Two specific names are in us. f. r ih. i riiing-dovc. The A. O. U. Check-list adopts macroura, given by Edwards 



(Birds, 1, p. 125, 1750) and acceptr.l \,\ Lnma n. i.-^. N., ed. x, 1758). This pigeon, however, has been almost universally 

 known, both in Europe and America, a.-. iarulinin.sis. a name bestowed by Catesby (Car., 1, p. 24, 1754). The use of this 

 name has been sanctioned by an overwhelming majority of authors and in all the standard works on pigeons. (Further 

 treatment of the definition of several of the species of Streptopelia here listed is given in Chapter XV and in Vol. I. — Editor. 



