CROSSES OF JAPANESE TURTLE-DOVES WITH BLOND AND WHITE RING-DOVES. 87 



Table 62. 



Pair 28. 

 cf J orientalis-fj risoria-^ turtur-J alba hyb. (H); 8/?/08; 1/3/n. 

 9 alba X orientalis hyb. (22) ; 6/22/08; 10/2/13; (killed). 

 9 cfA 1. 7/29/10; hatched,' killed 4/7/14; (hermaphrodite) predominantly 9 -' 

 9 cfA 2. 7/31/10; hatched, killed 4/7/14; (hermaphrodite) predominantly 9 .' (F 5) 



' "Notice that in these final hybrids (.4 1 and A S) we have but four species represented, three of which are pretty 

 evenly balanced, each representing about 1/3. The fourth (Turturlurtur), the European turtle-dove, is only 1/32 of the whole. 

 The Oriental turtle and the white ring are each 10/32, while the blond ring is 11/32. The color of these hybrids is about what 

 might be expected if the colors of their ancestors were evenly blended. If we regard the white ring and the blond as two very 

 closely allied species — as practically one species — then our hybrids represent about 2/3 ring and 1/3 Oriental turtle. This 

 is, approximately, what the hybrids actually appear to be." (F 5) 



^ "The upper mandible in both A 1 and A 3 is bent a little to the right, forming a sort of cross-bill. I noticed this on 

 the 2d day, and it has not thus far (8/18) changed much. On 9/16/10 the bills are noted as more strongly crossed than at 

 first; the lower bill now turning to the right." In making the autopsies of these birds, the editor failed to note anything con- 

 cerning their bills. It seems likely that these were nearly normal. These birds for a long time before being killed were thought 

 to be mules, a.-. tlir\' r.itainly contested for mates — fighting so that they continually had all the feathers stripped from their 

 necks, and niu-tly ironi tlieir heads. Strangely enough an examination of the record of ^ / indicates that this bird laid 

 several cnu- ilminL' I'M 1, while mated with a St. risoria male, and that one of the eggs is noted as showing "some develop- 

 ment." Diiiiiit,' till' la-t two years of its life, however, there is no doubt whatever that it laid no eggs and acted as a male. 

 The birds were healthy when killed. Indeed, they were killed because it was thought they would yield abundant material 

 for testis extract. The autopsies of these birds so far as they relate to sex are given herewith in full: 



No. OS-DAO 1 ( = A 1) is a probable hermaphrodite. Left gland is ordinary size of ovary for this bird ( = about 0.190 to 

 0.200 gr.). This contains a medial and posterior part plainly ovarian in nature — ie., shows numerous small ova and some 

 large clear globules posteriorly. The anterior part is testis-like. But there is also a right gland, about one sixth of the size 

 of the left, and of doubtful nature, i.e., testis or ovary. 



No. OSDAO 2 ( = .\ 2) is practically same as above. Left gland ordinary size and shape of ovary and showing innumer- 

 able small ova all less than 0.5 mm., rather homogeneous in contrast to above. Avery small, elongate (8 to 10 mm.) right 

 gonad found. Near center of this are ova of 0.5 to 1.5 mm.; quite resembling structure of left gonad — i.e., seems ovarian. 



Both of above birds had behaved like males; i.e., had been very aggressive, and had all their neck feathers pulled out 

 in the contest for mates. 



