ILLUSTRATIONS. IX 



FACING PAGE 



43. Figs. 1, 2, 3, Three wing-feathers of adult female green-winged pigeon, Chalcophaps indica. Fig. 4, Posterior 

 scapular of a male Phaps elegans. Fig. 5, From a female nicobar-pigeon, Calocnas nicobarica. Figs. 6, 7, 

 S, Three wing-feathers of a juvenai (7 weeks) Leptoptila sp.? 100 



I 1. Selected feathers from white-faced pigeon, Leucosarcia picala 102 



45. Right wing of adult crowned pigeon, Goura coronala 104 



46. A, Wing of Columba rufina. B, Wing of Columba unicincla 106 



47. Adult Columba squamosa 106 



48. A, Colored photograph of head and neck-mark of the wood-pigeon. C. palumbus. B, Colored photograph of 



head and neck-mark of C. gymnopthalma. C, Colored photograph of anterior parts of adult male. 



Geophaps smithi 108 



19. Adult male and female crowned pigeon, Columba leucocephala 108 



50. Juvenal Columba U uconota, age 4 weeks 108 



51. A, Adult female common pigeon, No. K2. B, Adult female common pigeon, No. Kl 110 



52. A, Adult female common pigeon, No. K3. B, Adult female homer 110 



53. A, Juvenal male common pigeon, age 5 weeks. B, Juvenal common pigeon, age "> weeks 112 



54. A, Adult male H Columba guinea X % Columba tabellaria hybrid (G7CC). B, Adult male C. guinea X 



homer hybrid (G7CCA). C, Adult male C. guinea X homer hybrid (G7< !CB) 112 



55. Figs. 1-11, Advanced stages of the "guinea-mark" in scapulars and coverts of a juvenai common pigeon 



Fig. 12, Long covert of adult female satinette dove 1 1 li 



56. Selected leathers from juvenai robin, Mcrula migratorius, age 3 weeks. First series 122 



57. From juvenai robin. From upper side of same birds and in same order as pi. 50. Second series 122 



58. Analogies of the robin pattern in common pigeons 124 



59. Selected feathers from an adult male flicker, Colaptes auratus 126 



60. A, The sharp-tailed sandpiper, Tringa acuminata. Figs. 1-11, Selected feathers from an adult quail, Colinus 



mrginian us 126 



ill. Figs. 1-11, Selected feathers from an adult female ring-necked pheasant of China, Phasianus torqualus, . . . 126 



62. A, The splendid parrakeet, Plalycercus sph ndidus. B, The curlew, Numt nius arquata 128 



63. A, The black-backed hemipode, Hemipodius melanotus. B, The collared plain-wanderer, Pedionomus 



torqualus. C, Adult male European widgeon. Anas penelope 128 



64. A, Juvenal crowned guinea-fowl, Numida coronala. B, Wing of adult .V. coronata 130 



65. The ring-necked pheasant of China, Phasianus torqualus 130 



66. Phasianus wallackii 132 



67. Selected feathers from a male Simla horned pheasant, Tragopan melanocephalus 132 



68. Polypleclron bicalcaratum 132 



69. A, B, Third left primary of Columba guinea. C, D, Fourth left primary of common pigeon (mondain). 



E, Frilled wing-coverts in an adult female owl-roek hybrid 140 



70. A, Adult male common pigeon (mondain). B, Adult male guinea-pigeon, Columba guima 142 



71. A, Adult male common pigeon, red with white primaries and small guinea-marks. B, Adult female homer (E). 



C, Adult female homer (E), same as above 142 



72. Transverse barring in an adult male owl-pigeon 151 



73. Fundamental bars and extended wing-bars in adult male owl-pigeon . . 154 



74. Fundamental bars in wing of juvenai Jacobin 156 



75. Barred secondaries and long coverts of a Jacobin, age S weeks 156 



70. Mate (19-normal) of guinea mutant (No. 20) at age of 5 months 162 



77. C. guinea, No. 20, "mutant" 162 



78. Mutant < '. guinea (20) and nest-mate, normal ''. guinea (19), age 26 days 164 



79. A, Left wing of a juvenai pheasant, age 6 days. B-F, The inner greater coverts, left wing, of ' '. guinea anil 



other species of Columba. B, C. livia domeslica, adult. C, C. maculosa, adult. D, C. guinea, mutant 

 (20) adult, age 14 months. E, C. guinea, normal (19) adult, age 11 months. 1'. C. guinea, normal 

 juvenai, age 4 weeks I' 1 ' 



80. Head, eyes, anil naked periorbital area of C. guinea, mutant and normal, and of other Columba. A. Adult 



C. guinea, normal (19). B, Adult C. guinea, same. < ', Adult C. guinea, mutant (20). D, Colored 



photograph of head and neck of C. eversmanni. E, C. domestica. F, C. leuconota 166 



SI. A, Tail of Columba guinea, normal (19), age 70 days, li. Tail of C. guinea, mutant (20), age 78 da) s. < '., Tail 



of C. guinea (10), age 125 days Inli 



82. Young (MN1) of Columba guinea mutant, age 1 weeks 166 



S3. A, Adult male Zenaida vinaceo-rufa. B, Juvenal female Z. vinaceo-rufa (12), age about 8 weeks 170 



si. A, Juvenal normal (20) Zenaida vinaceo-rufa, age about 8 weeks. B, Juvenal "mutant " (21 I Z. vinaceo-rufa, 



age 6 weeks ' ' " 



85. Offspring of mutant Zenaida vinaceo-rufa (21). A. Z, naida mutant (21 1 age 6 weeks B, < '. First-generation 



hybrid, Z-ZN5. D, E. Two views of first-generation hybrid, Z-ZX1. F, Two third-generation mutant 

 hybrids, 3Z-6ZN3 and t l72 



86. A, B, C, Later offspring (1910) of the original Zenaida mutant (21 I. D, K. /■ naida mutant offspring of 1915 



and 1916 'i 1 



87. Adult female Zenaida amabilis ' 



88. A, Juvenal Geopelia euueala (Gcl-A2), age 15 days. B. Juvenal (i. cuneata (Gel CI I, age 10 days. C, 



Juvenal G. cuneata (Gcl-Cl), age 32 days '92 



