82 ORTHOGENETIC EVOLUTION IN PIGEONS. 



Explanation of Plate 29. 



A. Chamcepelia talpacoti. Natural size. Hayashi del., 1901. 



Color paler than Ch. passcrina (fig. B, this plate). Neck and breast plain, without dark centers. The primaries 

 not perfect when drawn. 



(This bird was supposed to have come from Vera Cruz, Mexico. This, however, is considerably beyond the known 

 range of talpacoti. There is a possibility of error here. The author notes that he had specimens from both Vera 

 Cruz and Brazil. He uses only the one name — talpacoti — for all. — Ed.) 



B. Left wing of male Chaimrpdia pusserina. Natural size. Hayashi del., Apr. 1S97. 



Spots "steel blue, metallic reflections," and high coloration of coverts and primaries; the latter cinnamon-red, 

 edged (outer) and tipped with black. 



C. Oblique bar in the "down" stage in male Geopelia humcraKs. Age 16 days. Natural size. 



Toda del., Oct. 1906. 



To show that the oblique band is still undeveloped and that it consists of about 19 feathers — i.e., of 13 feathers 

 in two rows (S + 5) and then of single feathers. These feathers are only in the down stage, the feathers not having 

 started as visible pins. The downy feathers are easily recognized in the anterior, otherwise naked, portion of the wing. 



I find, on mapping and measuring, two rows of down running along nearly parallel with each other and in line 

 with the radius or anterior bone of the lower arm. These rows are separated by about 1.5 to 2 mm. The posterior 

 row has 8 downs about 2.5 mm. apart. The entire row is IS mm. long. 



The second row has ."> downs, alternating with the downs of posterior row; in front of these rows are the li addi- 

 tional downs, only 3 of which are in a row; 1 1 1« - remaining :i are anterior ami irregular in position. 



In older ti> see these downs it is only necessary to lift up and press to the front all the small coverts in front of 

 the 4 rows of most regular and conspicuous coverts. The naked space occupied in part by these clowns is then seen 

 to be more or less triangular. These downs — particularly the two rows — are destined to appear a little later, and to 

 form "the oblique streak" in which the color-pattern makes a step nearer the adult pattern than does the pattern 

 now situ in the coverts already out. 



D. Juvenal Geopelia humeralis (GH'-C 2 ). First plumage in part. Age 43 days. 



Shows two posterior scapulars and three inner tertials. The tertials have streaks of black on the lower edge. 



Explanation of Platfj 30. 



A. Wing of adult female Chamcepelia passerina, same bird as text-figure 4. Natural size. Hayashi 



del., Apr. 1903. 



Wing outstretched to show the extent of reddish pigment, left white in the figure on primaries and elsewhere. 

 The wing-spots better shown than in the colored wing. Dark centers are seen in a few feathers at bend of wing. 



B. Adult Chamcepelia buckleyi. Toda del., after Salvadori, figure 2, to show spots of wing. 

 The following sex comparisons are given by Salvadori: 



Mali . Fcmah . 



Upper parts vinous gray Bale brown. 



Under parts vinous Pale buffy brown 



Velvety black spots on some upper wing-coverts, scapulars, secondaries, and tertials. Spots similar. 



Under wing-coverts and axillaries black The same. 



C. Selected feathers from juvenal Chamapelia pallescens. x 2. Hayashi del., June 1907. 



leathers from one of six birds received from Santa Martha, United States of Colombia. This bird was in first 

 feathers for the most part. 

 Fn;. 3. Bosterior scapular (adult). 



4. First (innermost) larger covert (juvenal). 



5. Second (innermost! larger covert (juvenal). 



6. Third (innermost) larger covert (juvenal). 



7. Eighth (innermost) larger covert (juvenal'. 



(1) The first feathers have the pale edge and the pale median streak. 



(2) The second feathers have no pale edge or median streak. 



(3) A tendency for a dark cross-bar to form close to the pale edge in the larger coverts. 



(4) In the three inner larger coverts the spots are squarish chequers somewhat pointed distal ly -i.e., they are 

 more like the forms seen m C. litria than the same spots in the adult. 



(5) The spots always remain marginal, however much reduced — e.g., the scapular. 



