THE TURTLE-DOVE PATTERN IN OTHER ORDERS OF BIRDS. 



129 



conspicuous white ones; dark bars alternate with both the conspicuous and the 

 shadowy white ones. Thus there are three bars, rather obscure, intervening between 



m 



MM 





■f? r* St* "*;/. '■*«» it mrtr 5 o, .C^^" 







Text-figuhe 24. 



A. The Philippine rail, Rallus pectoralis (=Ballus striatus Linn.). Copy, same size, by Toda, after Buffon (Ois., 



vni, ]). 160, pi. enl. 774. Le Tiklin). This rail is strongly barred transversely below. The turtle-dove pattern 

 prevails above, but with the additional feature of a roundish white spot on each web of the feather near the 

 margin. These spots, both in position and in general appearance, appear to be like the white spots on the wing 

 of Oeojjelia cuneata; these spots, in the latter bird, are known to be of later origin than transverse bars, and to 

 represent lateral portions of such bars. 



B. The wood sandpiper, Totanus glareola Temminck. Copy, same size, by Toda, after Buffon (Ois., vol. vn, p. .534, 



pi. enl. 843. Le Beccasseau). This bird has the turtle-pattern of feather on the neck and side of the breast (ashy- 

 brown centers with white edges). The feathers of the back and the wing-coverts are clear-brown with small 

 whitish spots on the edge of each web. The long coverts and the tertials have these spots repeated at regular 

 intervals along the outer margin of the feather, showing plainly their relation to bars. This is a very fine illus- 

 tration in connection with Geopelia cuneata (Brisson gives a good description, pp. 180-182). In the tail-feathers 

 the bars are fully developed. 



every two successive conspicuous white bars. In this case we have proof that the 

 feather has many bars, but only every other white bar comes to strong development. 32 



32 According to W. E. Teschemaker (Avic. Mag., n. s., Vol. IV., Oct. 1906) round spots are derived from cross-bars 

 in the red-headed finch (Amadina erytkrocephala). This author gives some figures (page 357) to illustrate the point. 

 It is also stated that: "Corresponding feathers of an adult and immature specimen of the same sex are of a quite 

 different pattern — the former being spangled, the latter barred." 



