ANNOTATED SYSTEMATIC LIST 



This list follows the classification proposed by Wells (1956). 

 Genera are arranged alphabetically within families. Geographic 

 ranges include all published records and data from additional 

 specimens examined at the National Museum of Natural His- 

 tory, Smithsonian; Yale Peabody Museum; and Museum of 

 Comparative Zoology, Harvard. References to significant 

 papers are cited in brackets at the end of each account. 



Suborder FUNGIINA 



Superfamily FUNGIICAE 



Family FUNGIIDAE 



Fiingiacyalluisfragilis Sars, 1872. Distribution probably world 

 wide. In western Atlantic, known from continental slope 

 south of Cape Cod, Mass. (412-460 m), 5.5"-6.1°C. Also 

 known from eastern Atlantic, off Hawaii, and south of New 

 Zealand (285-2,200 m). Because of its fragility it is usually 

 damaged or in fragments when collected. It is distinguished 

 from other closely related species by its possession of five 

 cycles of septa and septa with sinuous upper edges. 

 [Zibrowius 1980.] 



Suborder FAVDNA 

 Superfamily FAVDCAE 

 Fanuly RHIZANGITOAE 



Astrangia astreiformis Milne Edwards and Haime, 1849 (=As- 

 trangia danae Agassiz, 1850; not Astrangia danae Milne 

 Edwards and Haime, 1849). Star coral. Northern coral. 

 Massachusetts to Texas from low tide to 35 m (- 1 °-22°C). 

 This is the only scleractinian likely to be seen by snorkeling or 

 with scuba off the northeastern coast of the United States. 

 Also known from Puerto Rico and off tropical western 

 Africa. Common on any hard substrate, i.e., stones, shells, 

 pilings. May or may not have zooxanthellae. Often used as an 

 experimental laboratory animal. Physiological studies 

 include: Cummings (1976); Jacques et al. (1977); Szmant- 

 Froelich and Pilson (1977); and Jacques (1978). Natural his- 

 tory accounts include: Agassiz (1850); Fewkes (1889); and 

 Bachand (1978). 



Milne Edwards and Haime (1849) described both Astrangia 

 astreiformis and A. danae in the same paper; A. danae has 

 page priority but, because the type is lost, the description is 

 poor, and the type-locality is unknown, it is considered a 

 nomen dubium. The type of A. astreiformis is also lost, but 

 because Milne Edwards and Haime at least designated the 

 type-locality of United States, it is chosen as the valid name 

 for the common shallow-water Astrangia of the eastern and 

 Gulf coasts. Louis Agassiz, in a paper read on 15 August 

 1849, independently described the same species and called it 

 Astrangia danae, but because his account was not published 

 until 1850, it is a junior synonym of A. astreiformis. 



Suborder CARVOPHYLLIINA 



Superlamily CARVOPHVLLIICAE 



Family CARYOPHYLLIIDAE 



Caryophyllia ambrosia ambrosia Alcock, 1898. Continental 

 slope off Georges Bank (1,487-2,286 m), 3.3'=-4.2°C. Also 

 known from eastern Atlantic and Indian Oceans (1,600-2,670 



m). The other subspecies, C. ambrosia caribbeana Cairns, 

 1979, is found in more southern, shallower waters. It differs 

 in having a broader, more open corallum and a rougher thecal 

 texture. [Zibrowius 1980.] 



Dasmosmilia lymani (Pourtales, 1871). Common on outer 

 edge of continental shelf from Alabama to south of Cape 

 Cod, Mass. (48-366 m), 7°-21°C. Also known from off 

 Venezuela, southeastern Brazil, and, in the eastern Atlantic, 

 in area bordered by Portugal, the Azores, and Spanish Sahara 

 (85-316 m). This species most frequently propagates by asex- 

 ual budding from longitudinal fractures of the fragile coral- 

 lum. Five to ten small buds originating from one wedge- 

 shaped fragment are not uncommon. This is the most com- 

 monly collected coral from the study area and is not likely to 

 be confused with any other species. (Cairns 1979.) 



Deltocyathus iialicus (Michelotti, 1838). Common from 

 Florida to southern Brazil, including Gulf of Mexico and 

 Caribbean; Bermuda (403-2,634 m), 3°-7°C. One disjunct 

 record on continental slope off New Jersey (Albatross station 

 2103), 4°C. Also known from eastern Atlantic and Azores 

 ( 1 ,500-2,300 m). Some deepwaler trawls result in hundreds of 

 specimens. Distinguished from other species in this genus by 

 its distinctive conical base and frequent absence of pali on the 

 second cycle septa. Coralla of some specimens have a pink 

 pigmentation. [Cairns 1979.] 



Desmopliyl/iim cristagalli Milne Edwards and Haime, 1848. 

 Cosmopolitan: widespread in Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian 

 Oceans; Subantarctic; off Georges, Sable, and Grand Banks 

 (off New England coast); Muir Seamouni and seamounts 

 between San Pablo and Kelvin Seamounts (off New England 

 coast). Worldwide depth range: 35-2,460 m. This species has 

 no columella or pali. Polyp light orange. Found in great num- 

 bers on undersides of ledges in Lydonia Canyon, off Massa- 

 chusetts. [Cairns 1979.) 



Loplielia pro/ifera (Pallas, I766)( = ?Z-. pertusa (Linnaeus, 

 1758) nomen dubium). Common in western Atlantic from 

 Nova Scotia to southeastern Brazil (95-1,000 m), 3''-12°C. 

 Also known from eastern Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific 

 Oceans (60-2,170 m). Abundant on Blake Plateau and in 

 Straits of Florida as a major constituent of deepwaler coral 

 banks. Growth rate 6-8 mm/yr. Systematics (Cairns 1979); 

 ecology [Wilson 1979a, bj. 



Solenosmilia variabilis Duncan, 1873. Known from only two 

 records off northeastern United States: Lydonia Canyon, off 

 Cape Cod, Mass., and south of San Pablo Seamount. Also 

 known from Muir Seamount; continental slopes from 

 Georgia to southeastern Brazil (excluding Gulf of Mexico); 

 eastern Atlantic; south of Greenland and Iceland; Indian 

 Ocean; off southeastern Australia (280-2,165 m). Similar to 

 L . proliferu but easily distinguished by its equal, inlratenlacu- 

 lar budding, which always produces some terminal calices 

 that are in the process of splitting in two. Polyps light orange. 



Superfamily FLABELLICAE 

 Family FLABELLIDAE 



Flabellum alabusiriim Moseley, 1873 { = flabellum goodei Ver- 

 rill, 1878. in part). Common on continental slope from 

 Georgia to Davis Strait, including Gulf of Maine (357-1,977 

 m), 3.3°-7.0°C. Also known from eastern Atlantic from off 

 Hebrides to Gulf of Guinea ( 1 ,200-2,000 m). Corallum some- 

 times reddish brown. [Zibrowius 1980.] 



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