4 (2) Pali or paliform lobes present 5 



4 (2) Pali or paliform lobes absent 7 



5 (4) Corallum attached to fragment of parent corallum or has broken base; corallum fragile, easily fragmented; 



paliform lobes often multilobate and indistinguishable from the columella (Fig. 5 A, B) Dasmosmilia lymani 



Figure 5. — Dasmosmilia lymani: A, fragment of larger parent corallum with three small coralla asexually budding from parent; B, side view of intact 



corallum. Scale: 2 cm. 



5 {4) Corallum free, base intact; corallum strong, not easily fragmented; pali single-lobed and distinct from col- 

 umella 6 



6 (5) Pali (12-18) of uniform size occur on inner edges of third cycle septa; corallum a curved cone (horn- 

 shaped); calicular diameter up to 40 mm (Fig. 6) Caryophyllia ambrosia ambrosia 



Figure 6. — Caryophyllia ambrosia ambrosia: side view 



showing crown of pali and several central columellar 



ribbons. Scale: 2 cm. 



6 (5) Pali of different sizes occur on first, second (sometimes missing), and third cycle septa; corallum conical but 



not curved; calicular diameter rarely over 15 mm (Fig. 7 A, B) Deltocyathus italicus 



