1S91.1 323 



eating tlie segments ; these are most evident on the abdomen ; beyond the anal 

 orifice is a raised V'l'ke formation, extending far on to the marginal area, and within 

 the long, depressed triangle thus formed is a tongue-shaped organ (fig. 5, more en- 

 larged) ; the marginal cereous fringe is now more or less imperfect, and the dorsal 

 hairs have disappeared. Length, 1 nun. 



This form, both in the imago and mature larva condition, is very like A. ribium, 

 Doug., which lives on the leaves of red and black currant {Ribe.t rubram and niyrum), 

 {of. Ent. Mo. Mag., xxiv, p. 265), but is rather smaller, and as larva is fiatter, and 

 not 80 regular in outline ; the immature larva was not observed. 



The imago also resembles A. carpini, Koch, which I found at Bexley Wood on 

 hornbeam {Carpinus betulus) on May 28th, 1881, but the aniennae differ in their 

 proportions (copy of Koch's figure No. 393 herewith [fig. 6] for comparison). The 

 larva has not been described or figured, and I have been unable to obtain it. 



A. vaccina, Kunow, on Vaccinium uliginosum is also, by description, very like 

 it, but there are some differences in the larva, as I have noted in the Ent. Mo. Mag., 

 XXV, p. 256. 



Whether these three are distinct species (and different also from 

 A. rtihicola, as I believe), or only one modified by the varied suste- 

 nance derived from the very diverse food-plants, is a question that 

 cannot now be resolved in default of more full details of their structure 

 at different stages of their lives. But in view of the structural cha- 

 racters appreciable only in the larva state of the similar pure white- 

 winged species A. 'phillyrece, Haliday, on PMllyrea ; A. immaculata, 

 Heeger, on ivy {Hedera helix) ; A. duhia, Heeger, on ash {Fraxinus) ; 

 and A. aceris, Geoffroy, on Acer plat anoides ; whereby they are well 

 differentiated {cf. Signoret, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, iv, Ser. viii, p. 388, 

 et seq.), and considering that parallel differential structure may exist 

 in those above-mentioned, I think it desirable to assume for the present 

 that they and A. rubicola are good species. 



As I have already stated (p. 200 ante), I saw A. rubicola abundant 

 on a few bramble bushes {Buhus) growing on the sheltered side of a 

 deep old gravel-pit at Blackbeath on June loth last. It was high 

 noon, and they were enjoying their siesta, yet they readily took short 

 flights on the least shaking of the bush, returning immediately to their 

 shelter on the under-side of the leaves ; the natural time for flight 

 would be towards sunset, when they would be very active. None were 

 to be seen after the end of June. The larvae were only on the oldest 

 leaves, which were young when the eggs were laid in June ; sometimes 

 there were 8 or 9, at others only 1 or 2, on a leaf. They would become 

 pupse, still adhere to the leaves when they had fallen, and thus 

 hibernate. 



The illustrations, and notes of observations on prepared speci- 

 mens, huve been kindly furnished by Mr. R. Newstead. 



153, Lewisham Boad, S.E. : 



October, 1891. 



