22 [January, 



tree, and then flying upwards in a somewhat zigzag manner, as if 

 carefully scanning the bark all the way up, rising gradually to the 

 upper part of the trunk at a height of 20 or 30 feet, then dropping 

 to the foot of the next tree and repeating the process, exactly the 

 proceeding of the little creeper {Certhin), except that Jutta flies 

 upwards, whereas the bird creeps. I quite recognise that I may have 

 made some error of observation in supposing the female also to do 

 this ; if I laave, then the explanation of so odd a habit may be that 

 the males are searching for the females at rest on the tree trunks. 



On several occasions I saw Juita ? laying her eggs ; or rather, to 

 be accurate, I saw each female laying only one egg. She flies some 

 little distance between each act of oviposition, does so quickly and 

 strongly,'and is not therefore easily followed amongst birch and fir 

 scrub or through bog, so that though one may see her apparently 

 laying two eggs^ the attempt to verify both is always a failure ; if you 

 look for the first the butterfly is too far off to see where she lays the 

 second, if you go for the second you must do so without taking time 

 to note exactly where the first is, and so fail to find it on return. At 

 each place only one egg is laid. On one occasion a butterfly settled 

 amongst some grass in the bog and appeared to lay an egg, but I failed 

 to find it. In every other instance, and in each of those in which I 

 found an egg, it was laid on a dead twig of pine or fir several feet 

 from the ground, once indeed not on the actual twig but on the grey- 

 beard moss, which was common on many of the trees. 



Though Jutta and Emhla were no doubt on the wing early in 

 June, Colias PalcBno was first seen about the 25th, and was then 

 scarce and in very fine condition ; a week later it was more numerous, 

 and frequented any somewhat open bog, but as a wandering insect of 

 strong flight, it no doubt was often seen at some distance from its 

 proper habitat. 



One shadowy specimen of Argynnis Freija was seen, Arcjipmis 

 Selene, Euphrosyne^ and ApJiirapevar. Ossianus were found everywhere, 

 yet in places only odd stragglers occurred, whilst in others one or 

 other species was more abundant. In one s|)ot where Aphirape was 

 not scarce, the other species were only represented by odd stragglers ; 

 in others Selejie was the more abundant ; whilst towards more culti- 

 vated ground Euphrosyne predominated. Etiphrosyne presented a 

 considerable proportion of rather dark forms, the greater proportion 

 of the Selene were not very different from British examples. 



Ccenonympha Typlion was rare, the sort of grassy bog it prefers 

 not being the most frequent, nor when met with, owing to its swampy 

 character due to the wet weather, very often investigated. 



