220 [September, 



I have opened a lot of buils which I had kept in a chip box, and in 

 every case I found the remains of the pupa inside the bud. I also 

 carefully removed part of the buds from some shoots from which 

 moths had emerged, with a view to deciding whether the shoot itself 

 was injured in any way, but as far as I can see the larva) have not 

 touched the shoot or pith in any way, it was the bud only which had 

 suffered in all the cases which I examined. The first imago appeared 

 on July 1st, and by the second week in July they were again quite 

 common ; I have not noticed that they rest on the foliage during the 

 day, but found many on the wall against which the trees were trained. 



To summarise the above, I may say that although this insect is 

 usually described as frequenting pear trees, I have not yet found it on 

 the pears at Osberton. On apricots and peaches it has a])peared in 

 swarms ; I have also found larva) in the buds of cherry, but not com- 

 monly, and in another garden near to Osberton two plum trees are 

 badly infested. 



I have had larvae from both pear and apple trees, but they have 

 on emergence invariably proved to be some species of Tortrices, to 

 several of which the larva of R. nanella bears considerable resemblance 

 when nearly full grown. 



LARVA. 

 Tlie larva, wliich exliibits the usual charactei'istics of the Oelechiadce, is, when 

 young, of a russet-brown, with the head, upper surface of legs, a plate on segment 

 2, and a small plate on the anal segment, vandjke-brown. These colours remain 

 unchanged up to hibernation, at which time the larva has attained a length of from 

 3—4 mm. Soon after emergence tlie anal plate is lost, and early in May I noticed 

 considerable variation in colour, some being a greenish-brown, whilst others wore 

 pale green, but all retained the vandyke-brown head and cervical plate. The full 

 grown larva measures from 8 — 10 mm. The variations of the larvse do not appear 

 to be of any consequence, as all the moths are practically alike. 



PUPA. 



The pupa examined on May 28th liad the head and three terminal segments 

 pale brown, wing cases and centre of body pale shining green, but by June 30th 

 the colour had become uniform pale brown. Length of pupa, 5 mm. 



BIBLIOGRAPHY. 

 I am indebted to Mr. Eustace R. Bankes for the following list of works in 

 which reference has previously been made to the life-history of R. nanella: — 

 Stainton, Insect. Brit. Lep. Tin., p. 129 (1854) ; J. W. Douglas, Ent. Mo. Mag., xv, 

 p. 207 (1870) ; J. W. Douglas, Ent. Mo. Mag., xvi, p. 116 ; E. Meyrick, Handbook 

 of British Lepidoptera, p. 580 (1895) ; Frey, Tin. u. Pter. Schweiz, p. 126 (1856) ; 

 Frey, Lep. der Schweiz, p. .366 (1880) ; P. C. T. Snellen, De Vlinders van Neder- 

 land, Microlep., 11, tJ71 (1882) j Sorhagen, Kleinschmet. d. M. Brandenburg, p. 199 



