132 [■Time, 



centre of eacli towards the costa ; in other specunens this spot is only 

 found on one band, whilst m others there are more than one spot — 

 sometimes several — in one or both bands. The snhvsiY. aIho-i-arlei/afa is 

 the extreme form of the variety in the pale direction, and up to now 

 remains unique, witJi the exception of a small crippled second brood 

 specimen which emerged in one of my cages in the autumn of 1917. 

 The subvar. sjiarsata-varlei/ata is a form having tlie white parts filled 

 in with the n/r/rosjuirsafa spotting, and of which I have bred about half 

 a score specimens. The subvar. luiea-varleyata I have never seen in a 

 wild state here, but as it a]:»peared in some numbers in my cages without 

 any admixture of var. lutea in the fore parents so far as I am concerned, 

 there is no reason why it should not do so. It has occurred wild in a 

 much more extreme form at Bradford. 



A very interesting variety is hazeleighensis. As originall}^ described 

 by Kaynor, i. e. with the black area of the fore wings containing spots of 

 white, it is common here, but the extreme form of the variety, which 

 was not known at the time E-aynor made his description, is rare. In it 

 the broad black area of the fore wings is solid black Avithout a trace of 

 white speck, and the broad median orange band is swollen inwardly to an 

 orange patch before it meets the inner luargin. In the hind wings, too, 

 the central row of black spots usually more or less coalesce, often com- 

 pletely so, forming a clear broad semicircular band, and in one fine 

 specimen I have there is another equally broad black band about midway 

 between the central one and the base of the wing. In another specimen 

 the orange band is entirely wanting on the left tore wing, the black area 

 obliterating it and the submarginal row of spots ; this specimen also has 

 the ordinary central row of spots on the hind wings as broad black bands. 

 These extreme forms are truly very handsome insects, and I have 

 seen probably less than half a score of them altogether. The subvar. 

 sparsata-hazeleigJiensis is the extreme form with the nigrosparsafa 

 spotting in addition. One of the most extreme I have bred has the hind 

 wings almost covered with intense black except at the base, where it is 

 more sparsely freckled with black, and I regard it as one of the finest 

 specimens I have in my entire series of ffrosstdariata. 



The very pretty var. lunulata is of fairly common occurrence, and 

 in a wild state produces var. varleyata. I have Uttle doubt, indeed, that 

 many more varleyata come from this form than from varleyata itself, 

 as the latter is so rare that the chances when the sexes of it pair 

 together must be extremely few. And I suppose that even the strongest 

 advocate of the theory of "Natural Selection "' would not say that luoths 



