further. The insect appeared to be quite conscious of its ability to terrify 

 intruders ; instead of dropping to the ground when I touched it with a piece of 

 stick, it clung firmly to the twig on to which it had climbed, and not until it was 

 thoroughly satit^fied with its position did it swing itself over and let its wings 

 hang down backwards in the usual attitude of expansion. As soon as it had 

 achieved that position, the dull brownish colour of the underside of the expanding 

 wings merged effectively withthe coloursof the surrounding dry earth andleaves 

 and afforded complete invisibility. It would appear as if the ocelli constituted 

 a real protection to the insect during the few anxious minutes between the 

 moment of dehiscence and the time when it had comfortably arranged itself 

 for expansion. In the case of O. carmelita it was the central area of the 

 primaries, close to the costal margin, that was the most conspicuous portion of 

 the wings immediately after emergence, and on it the creamy-white dash whicb 

 starts from the margin into the body of the wing was particularly apparent. 

 As in the case of ^S". pavonia, this dash of colour was much more vivid than 

 when the wings were fully expanded, and I suppose for the same reason that 

 the scales on the unexpanded wing were very closelj-^ packed. But the general 

 efiect was to break up the outline of the inject by a very effective piece of 

 " dazzle painting," and thus to secure immunity from attack during the few 

 minutes when the insect was crawling about to search for a proper situation in 

 which to expand. I wonder if other observers have noticed similar instances of 

 protective coloration in other freshly-emerged insects. 1 obtained O. carmelita 

 by pupa-digging in a wood three or four miles from Carlisle. I believe it to 

 be a new record for this district. — H. D. Ford, Thursby Vicarage, Carlisle : 

 May 10th, 1922. 



Celerio lineata F. {Deilephila livornica Esp.) at Oxford. — On the afternoon 

 of May 13th, a neighbour called my son's attention to a " pretty butterfly " at 

 rest among stems of Clematis near his front door. On seeing it my son at once 

 came and informed me that it was a " Hawk Moth" of some kind ; and my 

 surprise and delight may be imagined when, on going to look at the insect, it 

 proved to be a cf Celerio lineata in condition equal to bred. — A. U. Ha:m5I, 

 22 Southtield lload, Oxford : May I8th, 1922. 



A Chalcid parasite of Lecanopsis formicarum Newstead. — Writing under 

 date, 16.vi.l922, Mr. E. E. Green remarks : — " I enclose some apterous Chalcids 

 that have just emerged from specimens of L. formicarum Newst., collected at 



Camberley three weeks ago There was also one lai^cr winged example but 



this escaped " The parasites in question (6 cT , 8 9) are referable to 



Chureia inepta Dalman (1820) (Encyrtidae-Cltalcidoidea) of whose biology 

 apparently nothing has hitherto been ascertained, though the insect itself has 

 been known for a century and reported by reliable workers from various 

 localities ranging from Sweden to Austria and thence westwards into Spain. 

 In Britain Choreia inepta has been known since 1833, when Westwood des- 

 cribed it (as C. niyroaenea Westw.) from Dorking (G. R. Waterhouse Coll.). 

 Mr. Green's examples are all of the usual form with inconspicuous rudimentary 

 wings. The $ of the macropterous form (to which the specimen which 

 escaped may have belonged) has been recorded by Mayr (1876) from Forster's 

 collection. — James Wateeston, Brit. Mus. Nat. Ilist. : June 1922. 



