198 THE entomologist's record. 



a pale ashy grey, and it takes some time, often very short, for 

 them to assume their inky blackness. To return to venosa, 

 the lower surface is black with pale cinereous marblings, but 

 the actual ventral surface is paler, with tendency to central 

 black line. The surface, from the centre of the subdorsal 

 band downwards (excepting the subspiracular line), is finely 

 dotted with minute black hair points, though it is hardly 

 possible to say there are any hairs, as they are nothing more 

 than these points. The tubercles are rounded bosses carrying 

 15-20 hairs, the supra-spiracular and ventral are black, the rest 

 reddish, the post-spiraailar is very small, with only one or two 

 hairs. The trapezoidal and supra-spiracular tubercles have 

 each 4 or 5 black hairs stiffer than the others, which are 

 rufous, as are those on the other tubercles. The lateral line 

 does not extend to the 13th segment, but the lateral tubercle 

 is red, and on 14, pale, almost yellow. 



The hairs are about 2 mm. in length, longer at each ex- 

 tremity, a few in front being as much as g mm. The anterior 

 portion of the 2nd segment is black, with two orange dots, — 

 apparently trapezoidal tubercles — its anterior margin is fringed 

 with rufous hairs, falling closely over and obscuring the head ; 

 the rest of the segment is darker than the others ; on the 3rd 

 segment, the darker areas are stronger than on the others, at 

 the expense of the lighter, both towards its anterior and pos- 

 terior margins, the legs are black, the head black, with an 

 orange-brown inverted V above the clypeus, and three irregular 

 streaks on the cheek, arranged as if radiating from the jaw ; 

 palpi and labrum yellow (nearly white), jaws black. 



The larva here described is the palest and most richly 

 coloured, others are much darker, and some may be almost 

 black. Some, again, have a paler line on the whitest part of 

 the lateral line. The head and spiracles (white) do not vary 

 in colour. The black specimens have a hoary look from the 

 pale hairs over the black skin. As the darker larvae get full- 

 fed, they show rather more of the paler marbling, giving indi- 

 cations of the subdorsal and lateral lines, especially towards 

 the incisions, the marblings indeed may always be detected 

 with a glass, though so darkly coloured as to have little effect 

 on the general tone of the larva. This is especially so near the 

 incisions and in the regions of the subdorsal and lateral lines. 

 The outer sides of the anterior trapezoidal tubercles and the 

 subspiracular and post-spiracular tubercles are obscurely reddish 

 in these darker larvae. 



