NOTES ON COLLECTING, ETC. 335 



ready, was afloat by 4.35 a.m. The spot desired was some three 

 miles along under the cliffs, and, some delay being caused by a return 

 to put ashore the crew of a yacht which had been brought up in the 

 Bay overnight, it was past 6 a.m. before I reached my destination. 

 Here I found it almost as precipitous as from the top, but managed 

 to scramble on to the rocks. It was very cloudy and cold, so I saw 

 nothing on the wing, but after well prospecting the ground, I was 

 fortunate in coming across a good colony of irrorella. They were at 

 rest on the grass stalks, some evidently just emerged, also many pairs 

 in cop. I had no difficulty in filling my boxes without using a net, 

 which, owing to the dangerous ground, would have been of very little 

 use. Of the large number I examined (many more than I brought 

 away), I was unable to find a single one of the desired variety, but 

 was very much struck with two facts. One was the very local distribu- 

 tion of the insect, and also the abnormal expanse of wing of the males, 

 many being over one and a half inches expanse. After an hour's 

 working, the sun gleamed out, causing the males to fly for a few 

 minutes rather wildly, and my boatmen signalled me, so I decided 

 to return, and reached the Bay about 8.45 a.m., well pleased with my 

 experience. — Albert J. Hodges, 2, Highbury Place, N. [This 

 species is common in the Dover district, and the local collectors 

 used to find it hanging on the grass on the cliffs in the early 

 morning in large numbers. I have taken it abundantly near St. 

 Margaret's Bay (Dover), and flying freely about 3.30 to 5.30 p.m. — Ed.] 



Sugaring in i8go. — My experience of sugar, on the few occasions 

 when I could get up to the woods near here, was not on the whole 

 disappointing. The following notes may prove interesting : I have 

 recorded the number of species, not of specimens, that put in an 

 appearance. As a rule I was not able to stay out later than 10.30 or 

 II p.m. The number of trees sugared was between thirty and forty. 

 Most of the species were common, and I only mention those that are 

 somewhat uncommon or do not occur here in any numbers : — 



June 13. Nine species, including Nola cris'fulalis, Hadena thalas- 

 sina and Mamestra ajiceps. June 14. At the same sugar (not even 

 renewed), thirteen species, including Apkcta tincta (for the first time in 

 this neighbourhood), Xylophasia rurea var. co/nbusfa and Phycis 

 betnlella. June 18. Warm, cloudy, windy; between 9 and 10.15, 

 fifteen species, including Dipterygia pinastri, Agroiis porphyrea, and a 

 very dark form of Grainmesia trilinea. June 20. Fifteen species, 

 including Macaria notata (from which I obtained fifteen ova and have 

 now about a dozen pupte), Apamea geniina and Thyatira batis. June 

 27. Sixteen species, all very common. July 8. Dark, warm, windy ; 

 just after rain. Thirty-six species, including Cuspidia leporiyia, Agrotis 

 corticea, Xylophasia hepatica (both very scarce here), and Hadena 

 suasa. The last not previously recorded from here. July 14. Warm, 

 but very still. Four species, including Cymatophora or. July 18. 

 Dark, windy, rainy, fairly warm. Fifteen species, including Dicyda 00, 

 Caradrina blafida and Rhodophcea tumidella. Total, eight nights, 123 

 species, giving an average of rather more than fifteen species for each 

 night.^^G. H. Raynor, Victoria House, Brentwood. jFanuary, 1891. 



Entomological Pins and Verdigris. — Can any reader of the 

 Record suggest anything to prevent the formation of verdigris on pins ? 



