22 



THE ENTOMOLOGIST S EECORD. 



books mostly devoted to this order alone ; I refer of course to Monet 

 de Lamarck, Latreille, Hchrank and Germar. The last-named, however, 

 piiblished one work devoted exclusively to lepidopterology — his 

 Si/stematis GloftmtoriDii Pnxlroiiiua or I)i>ifiertati() aistcm fioitibiictnii 

 Sju'cics, two parts, 1811 ('? 1810)-1812, while Laspeyres set an altogether 

 praiseworthy example in monographing, according to the best light 

 he had, certain separate small groups — Sesiar Kuropaeae, 1801; Gattim;/ 

 FlaUjptcnjx, 1803. Hiibner, in his classificatory schemes, attempted 

 a much more elaborate subdivision of genera than any of his contem- 

 poraries, and, although his generic diagnoses are mostly superficial in 

 the extreme, yet his almost intuitive perception of relationships seems 

 to have stood him in good stead, and many lepidopterists to-day tell us 

 that he was nearly a century in advance of his times. Even in his 

 earlier works he showed a predilection for inventing classificatory terms, 

 but as they were used in the plural — " Geometrae Amplissimae, A, B, 

 C," &c. — they had no influence on nomenclature. Aboiit the year 1805 

 or 180G, however, perhaps w^hen contemplating the commencement of 

 his Sminnliiwi Kxntinvlicr Schuicttrrliivje, he evolved a regular system of 

 Stirpes, Familiae and Coitus, of which he presented the first outline 

 (of the Stirpes only) to his subscribers in the much-discussed Tcntamcn ; 

 most unfortunately, he published the names of these in singular as 

 Avell as plural form, and in true binomial combination with their 

 special types, and so forced them upon the notice of nomenclators, 

 notwithstanding that he forthwith (1806) commenced his K.votisclie 

 ScJinnttcrUn;/!' and therein unfolded a little more of his scheme, using 

 such names as PajiiUd Priiiccjis ddDiiuanx (JcdkiIciis [Pnnci']is~ the 

 Tcntawen " Stirps," ihniiinaiis the " Familia " of the later Yerzeiclinisx, 

 ih'Diolcttx the species). In his VerwicJimufi alley hckanntcr SchvtetterUmie 

 (cir. 181G-26), and in the Zutri'Kje zur Samml. Kxot. (1818, &c.) he 

 introduces his Coitus, Avhich are properly-constituted " genera " in the 

 modern sense and applied binomially. 



With the exception of Hiibner's, I believe no catalogues of the 

 lepidoptera of the whole world were published between the time of 

 Fabricius and the British Museum Lists of Doubleday, Gray, and 

 "Walker (1844-66). The writers of the first half of our century were 

 chiefly engaged with local fauna:^ — varying in extent from Ochsenheimer 

 and Treitschke's great SclnuctUrlhujc mn Eiiropo (10 vols., 1807-85) to 

 Cantener's little IJjtidoiilrrcs <Jii T ar (1833) ; Avith descriptive works, 

 either of new species (as in Poey's Ceniiiric dcs Li'indoptcreH de Cuba, 

 1832, &c.) or of early stages (as in Boisduval's Collection Icoiwuraji/iiqiie 

 des Chenilles, 1832, &c. ; Duponchel and Guenee's parallel work, ttc.) ; 

 with systematic ones, not generally limited to the lepidoptera {e.;/., the 

 writings of Macleay, Swainson, Westwood, and many others) ; with 

 monographs of special groups:- — such as Dalmnii's Monoi/raidiia Casiniae 

 (1S25), or Boisduval's Mannijrajihie des Zij;ie)iides (1829); with museum 

 catalogues and the like — oiten including valuable systematic work, as 

 in Horsfield's l>et-r)ijitire ( 'aialai/iie of LejjidojJtcroiis Insects in the Miiseinii 

 of the Kast hidia Coiiiponi/ (1828-29); or with merely popular handbooks, 

 of which a great number were now beginning to appear, and of which 

 Mvigen's Handhuch (1827), Treitschke's Hidfshuch (1834), Ac, in 

 (ieimany, or Ligpen's Jwdnictions (1827), Jermyn's Vade Mectnii (1827), 

 itc, in this country, may be taken as examples. 



A few of the most important books of this period must be mentioned, 



