PRACTICAX HINTS. 161 



the strength that the older larva exerts to bend the leaves into a tent 

 to cover it. 



5. — The imagines of Gnophria nibricullis are to be found in 

 their known haunts drying their wings between 7 a.m. and 8 a.m., 

 from middle May until the middle of June. Tree-trunks, fences, 

 palings, &c., are the most likely places. 



6. — At the beginning of May young larvie of Plmia w.oneta are to 

 be obtained on monkshood or larkspur, the cocoon being spun up 

 among the food-plant towards the end of May, the pupa3 producing 

 imagines in June. When the larvtB first hatch they are miners, after 

 hybernating they feed in the flowering-shoots, partly arresting the 

 growth by nibbling nearly through the shoot, and then attach several 

 leaves together after the fashion of a Tortricid larva (Webb). 



7. — The larva) of Plima chryson [orichalcca) are of a good size, and 

 fairly easy to find about the last week in May and first in June. They eat 

 pieces out of the centre of each side of a leaf of FJiipaturiiim canna- 

 biimiii (hemp agrimony) to the midrib, and the end of the leaf, losing 

 its support, hangs down and fades, many leaves on a stem served in 

 this way looking very conspicuous. Carefully (as the larv;e drop off) 

 bend the stem down, and a larva will probably be found resting on the 

 underside of a leaf if young, or if full-fed, Avith its hind-claspers 

 grasping the main stem, and its front legs holding on to the underside 

 of one of the bent leaves. If it is not on the stem first noticed, look 

 on all near, its presence will soon be evident by frexh feeding. 



8. — Roots of Kiipatoriwii cannabiniuii should be dug up and planted 

 in the garden for larvse of Plasia chri/sou (orichalcea) ; larvte are fairly 

 abundant at the end of May or the first week in June, in Chippenham 

 Fen and the Swansea district and possibly elsewhere ; they can be left 

 with safety on the garden plants, covered with a large box and will 

 emerge well about the second week in July. 



9. — -The larvae of Ihjschorista mapccta feed freely in May on Populus 

 balsawifera as well as on birch and sallow. 



10. — At the end of May and beginning of June, the larvte of 

 Apainea opJiioiiraiiiiiia pupate in the dead stems of the last year's grass 

 [i.e., reed = P/ira(/iiiit('s), about two or three inches above ground 

 (Thornhill). 



11. — The full-fed larva of Hoporina crocear/o goes down for pupation 

 in late May and early June, spins its cocoon at once, but does not 

 change to a pupa for some weeks ; during this time disturbance is 

 almost certain to be fatal. 



12. — The eggs of Lopliopteryx caniidita hatch from the commence- 

 ment to the middle of May, feed up on birch rapidly, are full-fed in 

 five weeks, and spin their tough cocoons on the surface of the earth, 

 mixing the silk with moss, small particles of earth, &c. 



13. — Imagines of Staiiwjnisfai/i are found in May and June, at all 

 hours of the day, from early morning till night, on all sides of the 

 trees on which they rest and at all heights from the ground ; they 

 generally rest comfortably, too, within reach, although at times they 

 are high up, and, occasionally, quite at the foot of the tree. The 

 imagines appear decidedly to make a selection of the smaller trees and 

 saplings to rest upon, the males in particular being rarely found on 

 anything larger than a scafi'old-pole, the favourite trees run from the 

 size of a hop-pole to that of a walking-stick. They do not always 



