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THE ENTOMOLOGIST S RECORD. 



puncta, L. semiarijns var. helena (bvit no more of antiochena), Melitaea 

 cin.ria, Spilotlu^rits althame, &c. We then went down to the Beka'a, 

 below Zahleh, and rode northwards to a village called Beit Chamma, 

 on the Baalbek road, where we encamped. Next day we went into the 

 mountains to Niha, a Phoenician ruin beautifully situated at the mouth 

 of a narrow glen which runs up into the eastern flank of Djebel Sunnin. 

 This was a good place for insects. The lower ranges of hills were 

 chalk, the higher mountains limestone, and very bare and rocky, and 

 overgrazed. The chalk-hills were almost entirely covered with green 

 corn, thin crops and plenty of weeds, with dry watercourses hollowed 

 out in the bottoms. These watercourses swarmed with insects— 

 Chrysophaniis asahinus, C. ochinms, C. thersamon var. persica, Ariiynnis 

 'pandora, A. lathonia, Melitaea didyma, M. trivia, M.phoebe, Lycaena anteros 

 var. crassipioicta, Syrichthns var. nomas, 8. uielotis, and many common 

 things. In the little glen by the temple I took Thecla myrtale for the first 

 time, also one AntJiocharis charlonia, several LAmnrica, one or two speci- 

 mens of L. panayaea, and Thecla acaciae var. abdowinalis. High up the 

 glen I took two Satynis anthe and saw my first bear. Satynis telephasm 

 was everywhere abundant, it is one of the commonest Lebanon butter- 

 flies. Here also I caught for the first time a Lycaena, which puzzled 

 me exceedingly, and which I afterwards took in many places, all over 

 both ranges, and which I have hitherto failed to name. It is supposed 

 to be possibly a var. of L. zephyrns, which, however, it does not much 

 resemble. I walked a good many miles over the higher limestone 

 ranges without meeting with anything new, they are excessively bare 

 and waterless, and produced few insects besides Satyrus antlte, S. tele- 

 phassa, and Pararye meyaera, but lower down, where there are bushes or 

 cornfields, Lycaena rt»m>a/rt swarms, the "coppers" haunt the corn- 

 fields, and on rocky ground Melanaryia titfa\i\,v. titania abounded. Riding 

 northwards to Ain Aata, on the pass from Baalbek to the Cedars, we 

 stopped there several days, delayed by bad weather, and I tried the 

 higher part of the Lebanon, but found it still too early, much snow and 

 no butterflies above 5000ft. However, I rode across to the Cedars and 

 took L. isaiirica, L. aryns, L'allophrys rubi, Leucopluisia duponcheli, and 

 other common insects. At Ain Aata I got a good many Thecla myrtale, 

 which I found in plenty around wild rose bushes. I also took Aylais 

 urticae var. turcica, Lycaena astrarche, L. amanda, L. isaiirica, L. 

 candalus, and the doubtful Lycaena, which at first I supposed to be a 

 form of icarinus, but now believe to be a distinct species. May 28th 

 we crossed the plain of the Beka'a to Baalbek. The foot-hills of 

 Lebanon are here thinly clothed with scrub, oak copses, growing out 

 of bare stones, every green herb within reach of the goats being 

 devoured. I saw scarcely any butterflies, but observed that Gonepteryx 

 rhamni was tolerably common, and appeared to replace (i. var. antonia on 

 this side of the range. Nothing was to be seen on the Beka'a but Pieria. 

 daplidice and Colias editsa. We stayed a day at Baalbek, and did not 

 find butterflies in any plenty, but in some cornfields on the chalk, 

 southwards from the town, I took several beautiful Lycienas of the 

 icarinm type, but with very distinct and brilliant orange spots on the 

 upperside of the hindwings. This corresponded exactly with the insect 

 I had previously taken for a form of icarinus, excepting that here I first 

 found the upperwing heavily marked with orange. Whether this insect 

 is a new species, or a new var. of zephyrns is undecided. The brown 



