190 THE entomologist's RECORD. 



wegaera, and one Colias eil)(sa, and Mr. Drabant observed a CTonepteryx 

 cleopatra. Since then an odd P. atalanta or P. tiwiiaora or two, with 

 an occasional P. rapae or P. iiapi, make up the tale. Last year was 

 late, but not so bad as this, whilst four years ago Anthoclutris belia was 

 almost over at this date, and Kiichlo'e eup/ienoides, TliaU medesicaate, and 

 Erchia t'pint[/(/ne were Hying. The Colias erliisa seen on March 5th 

 interested me very much from its always selecting for settling some 

 yellowish, sickly leaves of myrtle, that happened to be frequent along 

 the roadside where I saw it. It did so at least half a dozen times 

 along some hundred yards of road, and with frequent approach to and 

 rejections of position that were not quite of the right tone. When 

 settled, the underside of the butterfly agreed very closely with the 

 leaves, and made it inconspicuous, so much so, that, on one occasion, 

 when I had noted to within an inch or two where it had settled, I 

 failed to find it, looking all about, and returning to the spot several times 

 before I detected it, just where I had supposed it to be, the wings 

 being at a favourable angle to jjroduce a similar eftect to that of the 

 myrtle leaves, with their shadows and interspaces. On February 14th I 

 noted a larva of P. bra!<dcac suspended for pupation on a gate-post, 

 and continued to see it until February 26th ; next time I looked for it 

 some enemy had destroyed it, but it seemed quite healthy on the 

 26th. I felt rather annoyed not to have been able to watch it till it 

 pupated. On the 15th I found a larva of P. hvamcae wandering with 

 a view to pupation ; kept in the house, this specimen was suspended 

 on the l8th, and changed to pupa on the 27th. It is clear, therefore, 

 that P. bras.\irai' is here continuously-brooded, and is able to stand 

 severe cold when suspended for pupation, but before changing, great 

 delay in the process resulting, but without fatal result, except by pro- 

 longation of exposure to enemies in a very helpless stage. I met 

 with a specimen of C'lerus furmicariKs in the Esterels running over 

 some pine logs. The bizarre markings and colourings of this little 

 beetle suggest that they are of a warning character, and so they prove 

 to be, but indirectly ; I felt quite sure the creature was a Mntilla, 

 both by its appearance and movements, and when it hid itself in a 

 crevice of the bark I turned it out, with due precautions not to get 

 stung. Not being a coleopterist, this fact was new to me. The larvae 

 of ('Iiara.trs jaaiiis are now very scarce, though only half-grown, M. 

 Constant tells me ; and the abundance of their silken carpets shows 

 that in November they were much more common than usual. 

 Besides the usual accidents that befall them, there is no doubt that the 

 hard weather has made birds and other enemies more destructive, but, 

 if several larv* seen dead and black on their leaves are correctly 

 interpreted by me, not a few have been directly killed by the frost. 

 Nothwithstanding the cold, larvae of Lirffia fi'irhaidtclla are larger 

 than usual, being already neai'ly fullgrown, they hide away in 

 a warm, dry time, but come out in the wet, this is especially noticeable 

 on walls with many crevices, especially dry stone walls. The reason 

 of this is not only to avoid desiccation in their own persons, but, no 

 doubt, also because the lichens on which they feed are not negotiable 

 except when moist. This winter, therefore, they have had many more 

 opportunities of feeding than usual. — T. A. Chapman, M.D., Hotel 

 d'Europe, Cannes. 



Lepidoptera in 1900 in the Southend district. — The following 



