A FEW WKKKS' ENTOMOUXHSlNfi IN Sl'AIN. 87 



pasiphae, much worn. There were also others less numerous, such as 

 Paptlio machaon, Aporia erataeifi, Melitcwa athalia, Laiiipides hoetica, 

 Aijlaia urticae, Ann/nnis ai/laia, Pyravicisi atalanta, Coetinn;/iiip/ia 

 arcania and various others; nor were moths wanting, lAthoaia cmiiplana 

 and Catocala cuiurrsa, with I'luaia (/aiiiiiia, etc., did not, however, add 

 much to the total numbers. The plants were too large to be quite one 

 to each square yard, but each plant had several, often a dozen butter- 

 flies, and each patch occupied several acres, so that it will be seen that 

 my estimate of the total crowd is not exaggerated. It was in one of 

 the side dingles here that I met with Coenonij)uplia iphioidea. 



At Tragacete we met with Vanessa to, Pijrameh atalanta and 

 Leptidia sinapis, but they were by no means abundant, larvae of 

 Chariclca miibra and Panolis piniperda were seen, as well as several of 

 Sphinx pinastri. Sesia (Macrocflosswn) stcllatanim was only occasionally 

 observed. We stayed at Tragacete from July IHth to the 26th, at the 

 Posada of Sehor Indalechio Martinez, though I occupied a room in 

 another Posada in the village where I got placed, owing to my 

 arriving some hours before the rest of the party, who bad lost them- 

 selves on the way. It may interest anyone who contemplates visiting 

 this region, that the accommodation in these mountain villages here and 

 at Una, Guadalaviar, Bronchales, &c., was quite equal to that that 

 used to find approval in the Swiss mountain inns before they all 

 became modern hotels. The ground floor always included a stable, 

 and the ante- room to this and to the house generally was not inviting. 

 The guest-room is, however, upstairs, on a concrete floor, and is 

 usually large, fairly airy, often very clean, and the bedding good and 

 linen very clean. The usual pattern appeared to be a large room, 

 with two beds, these usually placed in recesses and shut off from the 

 room by curtains or even doors. The food was usually good, but rarely 

 served quite as one would like it, and no doubt met our approval for 

 reasons that pertained more to us than to it. Onions and garlic were 

 hardly at all in evidence ; a kind of dried pea or vetch called 

 " carbanjas " was frequently served in stews, &c., and was very good — 

 if you were hungry. The bread w^as much better than usually found 

 in out-of-the-way places in the Alps of France, Switzerland, or the 

 Tyrol. A supply of tea we took with us proved most useful, and 

 enabled us often to make a breakfast with otherwise inadequate 

 materials. I may add another item to my non-entomological details 

 as to Tragacete, it is a large village of nearly 2000 inhabitants, and it 

 does not appear to possess a glazed window of any sort; windows were 

 closed with wooden shutters and canvas screens, to keep out the heat 

 and exclude the flies. The result was fairly satisfactory, how it works 

 in winter with snow on the ground for several months was not very 

 clear to us. One of the inhabitants told us with some pride, that 

 Tragacete contained no rich people and no poor people. I suppose 

 that, according to a moderate standard of peasant prosperity, this was 

 true, and probably all were much better oft' than an inspection of theii' 

 dwellings would lead an English visitor to imagine, or than he would 

 deduce from the fact that our entertainment which was according to 

 the highest local standard of sumptuousness, cost Is. 9d. per diem, and 

 might by experienced chaffering doubtless have been had at a lower 

 figure. 



On leaving Tragacete we crossed various hills and valleys, in a 



