198 THE entomologist's record. 



the ground colour. At the edge of these dorsal markings, both of the 

 thoracic region and the abdominal, is a bold whitish-yellow border, 

 which is only broken on the 4th abdominal segment ; where it rests 

 on, and encloses, the spiracle. The body, lateral and ventral surfaces, 

 is of a bright, light, apple-green colour, very appealing in its quality 

 owing to its smooth fleshy texture. The caudal horns are yellowish- 

 red, with a red tip, and a red ring a little distance from the tip. They 

 bear black setae, not green as in Dicranina fnrcula and I), bifida, with 

 red setffi. The spiracles are yellowish, with a fine black ring around 

 them, and below each spiracle is found a fine brown spot. The legs 

 are red, and the claspers are green, with a chestnut ring just above 

 the feet; and they are finely dotted with dark brown. On the ventral 

 surface there is a chestnut line on the last three segments from the 

 anal end, finishing between the last pair of claspers. 



The length of the larva, from the head to the anal plate, exclusive 

 of the caudal horns, was If inch, and the cocoon it spun was con- 

 siderably larger than that of either Dkranum furciila or D. bi/ida. 

 The breeding-cage in which it was Ivept through the winter was 

 placed in a glass-house, without heat, and was brought into a room 

 with a fire in it, on April 3rd, where it was kept with a damp cloth 

 tied round it. The imago, a perfect ^ specimen, emerged on May 

 16th, 1902, about nine o'clock in the evening. I observed during 

 that day, and also when I examined the cocoon on the previous after- 

 noon, that the pupa could no longer be heard to roll in its interior, 

 which had been quite a perceptible fact up to that date. It may be 

 inferred from this that operations to achieve its liberty had been 

 commenced by the insect fully 21 hours before its emergence. 



On some Geometrides collected in Spain by Dr. Chapman in 1901. 



By LOUIS B. PROUT, F.E.S. 



I have been greatly interested in working out the collection of 

 Spanish Geometrides, which have been kindly handed over to me by 

 Dr. Chapman, being the fruits (so far as this superfamily is concerned) 

 of his visit to Spain in 1901, which has been already reported in these 

 pages. Unfortunately the small amount of material which I possess 

 for comparison, combined with the weak representation of the fauna 

 of South-western Europe in our National Collection, has placed con- 

 siderable difficulties in my way, and I am not yet able to report quite 

 exhaustively, but the collection is certainly of suflScient interest to 

 merit some notice. 



The collection consists of 155 specimens, comprising some 54 

 species. Perhaps the thing which strikes one most forcibly in looking 

 through them is the same fact upon which Dr. Staudinger commented 

 in writing of the lepidoptera of Greece — the strong representation of 

 his genus Acidalia, and the very weak representation of his Cidaria. 

 According to his recent Catalo;/, the former genus contains 179 

 Pal«arctic species and the latter (now called Larentia) no less than 

 205, notwithstanding the removal from it of Astliena and Phibalap- 

 teryx ; yet this Spanish collection yields about 18 species of Acidalia 

 and only 8 of Cidaria, in other words, the percentages are respec- 

 tively 10 and 1^ in relation to the entire fauna. The Larentiidae — if 

 indeed they be a natural family as now classified by Staudinger and 



