33^ THE entomologist's BECORD. 



which foi'iued quite an early spring show. While we were at Susa 

 the only common butterflies were A. crataiyi, L. sinapis, and 

 I'aranie iiiaera, with some remarkable fine Paran/e incijaera. One of 

 the latter, a female, measures just under 2iin., and is as large as a 

 good P. maera female. Half a mile above Sta. Maria, June 18th, a 

 few Nomiades cyUarua were sharing the puddles with Nomiades ^eiui- 

 ariiiis, and among them was one var, hlachieri, of which more anon. 

 Close to the river and the town Anthocharis hdia (one) and a damaged 

 Litnenitis sibi/lla were taken. Below the Mont Cenis railway, 0. 

 pamphilns and (J. arcania were plentiful, the latter very fine. Higher 

 up a few Ciijiidd minimus var. ahnidoy, and Avell marked Plebcius 

 at'i/oii could be taken. Poli/ominatns hi/lafi showed up once or twice, and 

 P. orion yielded one really fine specimen, but otherwise was over for 

 the time. One Pieris luipi var. hri/ouiac, and Callniil>ri/s rubi (com- 

 mon and fine on the narcissus ground) completes this list in the 

 higher elevations. Just above the vineyards which surround the 

 town I got one Thcda ilicis var. aeAciiU, and one Libi/thea celtis (worn), 

 June 18th-. The Argynnids had not yet appeared, with the exception 

 of some A?f)ij)iiiis latJnmia and one good A. ailippe var. deodo.va. A 

 single fresh, but very diminutive, Papilio macliaon was all I saw of the 

 genus Papilio, and three Mclaium/ia j/alatea var. prncida were doubt- 

 less the advance guard of a host to come after our departure on the 

 24;th. Spilot/njrKs althaeac and Sijric/ithiis carthami contributed one 

 each. Xisdiiiadca f.a(/f>i occurred often, with var. miiailor or appnuvi- 

 mata. Without doubt there would have been good sport at Susa 

 later, but the hotel was not run on sound principles of sanitary 

 science, to put it mildly, and uninviting, therefore, for a protracted 

 stay. The absentee chiefly deplored was Poli/i/dnia cfp'a, which Mr. 

 Rowland-Brown found so abundant about a week later last year. 

 With empty store- boxes we took train to Turin, and on the next day 

 train again to J3einette, from whence, after some difficulties with our 

 driver, we reached Certosa di Pesio at 4.80 p.m. on the 22nd. The 

 old Certosa, or monastery, suppressed by Napoleon, has been converted 

 into a most comfortable hotel and bathing establishment. We were 

 the first visitors of the season, and never more happy in country 

 quarters, but the valley is close and relaxing. Even here we were too 

 early for the summer of 1902. The first insect to attract attention 

 was Noiiiiadefi njllanis, on the road just beyond the arched gateway of 

 the Certosa. It was fresh, and apparently continued to emerge during 

 our visit, and a longish series was made up with the Susa captures. At 



* It was doubtless a mere accident that Mr. Rowland-Brown {(mtea, vol. xi., 

 p. 292) did not observe any of the food-plant Celtis anstniU.-^, for it grows not un- 

 commonly on the rocks on the road immediately above the Triuujphal Arch, and on 

 the right hand, on the way up to the little village, at which the path turns off at 

 the left for Sta. Maria dellaLuso. .Just around Sta. Maria and above there appears 

 to be no favoiuable place for it, if (as its habit at Crevola, Val Strona, Val Anzasca 

 and the Eggenthal, etc., seems to indicate) it requires deep crevices of rocks in 

 which to root. I would add to Mr. Rowland-Brown's interesting list of dates for 

 the flight of L. ccltis from my own knowledge : — Crevola, .June 3rd, 1899, fresh. 

 May 26th, 1900, worn to ribands; Val Anzasca, June 12th-15th, 1900, fresh; 

 Sanithal and Eggenthal, near Bozen, June 20th-22nd, excessively abundant and 

 fine, July loth, i9U2, few rather worn. In these parts there seems to be a first brood 

 over at the end of May, a second in June, synchronising nearly with the appear- 

 ance of Thccln 2>ruiii, and probably, at least in warm summers, a third in southern 

 Piedmont and the southern Tirol [vide, Ent. Rec, x., p. 119, Mr. Tutt at Susa. J. 



