32 THE entomologist's RECORD. 



deals largely with lepidoptera. Dr. Chapman's papers on " Asymmetry 

 in the INIales of Hemarine and other Sphinges," and " On lletcrnriipiif. 

 paradoxa, Rmbr., an instance of variation by segregation," are in 

 his well-known masterly style, and his erection of the Hi/jiotianac as a 

 " new subfamily of Piirali((<n' " is also carefully worked out and in 

 every Avay satisfactory. Colonel Swinhoe has done valuable service 

 in working out the mass of previously unarranged material amongst 

 the Eastern and Australian Gcoinetyidaf, etc., in our National 

 Collection. One of his introductory remarks is worthy of considera- 

 tion : " This family " (the Gt'omHn'dac) '' is, well worth the careful 

 study of any biologist interested in the convergence of superficial 

 characters," and he adduces a few striking instances. 



Concerning the smaller societies, I have only time to mention one 

 really first-class paper, namely, "A life history of P/n/Uocnistis suff'KiieUa, 

 ZelL," read before the City of London Entomological Society by Mr. 

 Alfred Sich, F.E.S., m January, 1902. It is altogether the fullest 

 and most satisfactory contribution which has yet appeared to the 

 literature of that intei-esting genus. 



Passing to literature in general, we must, of course, first remember 

 the third volume of Mr. Tutt's colossal undertaking, " British 

 Lepidoptera." This volume is dated July, 1902, and the exhaustive 

 treatment of the subject by its author is best realised when we remind 

 ourselves that its o5S closely-printed pages are devoted solely to the 

 natural history of thirteen species, and the families, etc.. to which 

 they belong. The volume is peculiarly rich in the material which it 

 brings together concerning the important subjects of hybridity and 

 of gynandromorphism, both of which enter largely into the economy 

 of some of the species of which it treats — La-^ioccnupn iincrciiK, the 

 Satiniiiiilcs, Aniorplia populi, etc. 



]\Ir. Tutt's ceaseless literary activity is further evidenced by the 

 fact that, notwithstanding the claims of his great work upon his time, 

 he has managed during the year to bring out two other books on his 

 favourite subject. The valuable series of articles on " Migration and 

 Dispersal of Insects," which has been running through the Kntn- 

 mnloi/ist's Uecnrd, is now completed, and has been separately published 

 in book form. The author's weighty " final considerations " will 

 probably have an influence with every future student of the subject. 

 The other book referred to is Part II of ^Ir. Tutt's very successful 

 " Practical Hints for the Field Lepidopterist," which should prove 

 a boon to many an active collector. 



On the whole, however, the literary output for the year does not 

 seem to have been abnormally large. Several more or less important 

 books are " in progress," appearing in parts at irregular intervals, but 

 most of them make tediously slow progress, Avhich is probably in 

 many cases due to the shortcomings of the artists, or — as they would 

 tell us — to our English climate, with its lamentable scarcity of 

 suitable bright weather for their work. ]^>arrett's F>rit.isli J^e/iido/itrra, 

 Moore's [jCjiidojdcra Indira, Semper's ScliinctU'iibuii' dcr P/iilippinisc/ien 

 lusdii, Grose Smith's Bhopaliiccra Exotica, Kirby's new edition of 

 Hilbner's SavniiliDui K.nitisr/icr Srhmettedinijc, Rithl-Bartel's Palacark- 

 tiHcIit' (jrroxsschmctteiiinf/c, and Spuler's Scluttcttciiinijc Kuropati, have all 

 made some little progress ; a new edition of Kirby's liutterjiies and 

 Mot/is ,>/ h'.aropc has also been commenced. To Da>i Tierrekh Dr. 



