68 THE entomologist's record. 



was larger and rougher. On August 26th it again changed its skin, and 

 by its appearance suggested that it had skipped over the third stage 

 and was now in its fourth. During this period the larva became much 

 lighter in colour, and showed yellow and yellow-whitish mottlings ; 

 it also possessed the red dorsal line. The next, and last, change took 

 place on September '2nd. The larva then appeared in its black and 

 red contrast, still retaining the yellow patches, the yellow and red-white 

 marks on the sides of the segments, and the large red blotches below 

 the spiracles. The caudal horn red for two-thirds of its length, with 

 the last third black. The larva ceased to feed about the twelfth day 

 from the last moult, becoming slightly duller in colour, and it began 

 wandering round the jar in which it was placed, together with some 

 earth and moss. It made an attempt to go down on the darkest side 

 of the glass jar. Subsequently, the weather being cold, I placed the 

 jar in the warm kitchen, and after two days (September 19th) I found 

 the larva had spun up under the moss, again in the darkest place. 

 The next day I saw that it had pupated. On October 7th, the imago, a 

 male, was found emerged, the rapid development being, no doubt, due 

 to the warm situation. I kept it alive on sugar and water till 

 October 21st, when it came to grief in the sticky compound. 



The only spurge I could give the young larva was Kiijthorhia peplm, 

 on which it chiefly fed throughout the larval stage. It always pre- 

 ferred rather withered sprays, though I always gave it the option of 

 eating fresh leaves. During the third and fourth stadia I gave it some 

 Euphorbia exit/iia, which it also ate in a withered state, but after a time 

 it went back to I"^. peplus. During the last stadium I found some 

 K. Iiclinscopia, which appeared to suit the larva's taste the least of the 

 three species offered. I think the larva could scarcely be brought up 

 on this species, but probably on FJ. ea-u/iia. The larva ate vigorously, 

 but always the slightly withered leaves, though I added fresh food at 

 least twice a day. 



Notes on the Life=history of Callimorpha hera. 



By A. RUSSELL, F.E.S. 

 On September 26th, 1901, Mr. Barnes of Reading kindly presented 

 me with about 60 larvfe of Callimorplia Jiera, part of a brood which 

 had hatched out from ova deposited by a female taken at Dawlish on 

 the 13th of that month. When I received the larva; they were about 

 one-sixth of an inch in length, greenish-yellow in colour, and slightly 

 hairy. I kept the larv.'e in a cool room in small glass bottles covered 

 with muslin and fed them upon lettuce leaves. Within about a 

 fortnight of their coming into my possession the larvfe moulted for the 

 first time, altering very little in appearance. Towards the end of 

 October they underwent a second moult, disclosing, at this stage, a 

 dorsal band of bronze. Theii- favourite spot for moulting was almost 

 invariably on the muslin at the top of the bottle, though one or two of 

 them, when moulting, affixed themselves to the side of the bottle for 

 that purpose. The larvie, so far as I could judge, underwent a third 

 moult about the middle of November, a few of them succumbing to 

 the operation. From this date until Christmas the larvae, with the 

 exception of a few which appeared to be hybernating, fed sparingly 

 upon the lettuce leaves with which they were supplied. Many of the 



