KOTES OX THE LIFE -HISTORY OF CALLIMORPHA HERA. 71 



May 7th. — Another larva had disappeared by this date, the remaining 

 sixteen having the appearance of being fully grown, some of them 

 measuring 1§ inches in length. May 23rd. — Fourteen larvjc still up. 

 May 30th, eight larva> only to be seen. June 3rd. — All but one larva had 

 gone down. June 5th. — Remaining larva had disappeared. 



The following is a note made at the time of a full-fed larva : — 

 Length 1^- inches, form cylindrical, head and legs shining black, 

 colour of body dull black, broad dorsal band orange, relieved on second 

 segment by some indistinct warts ; on third, fourth, and anal segment 

 by a single yellowish tuft or wart on either side of dorsal band, and on 

 the remaining segments by a pair of yellowish tufts or warts on either 

 side of the dorsal band. On the sides were single tufts or warts similar 

 to those on the back and two white spots or marks on each segment ; 

 spiracles black, belly and claspers mouse-colour tinged with violet. 

 At the end of June 1st, I searched for the resulting pupye and found 

 that thirteen of the larvas had apparently successfully pupated ; 

 the remaining four of the seventeen, which I thought had pupated, 

 were found to be dead, two of them having died in an attempt to 

 change to pupte. In every case but one the larv« had sought to 

 pupate either in the aperture caused by the folding of a leaf or between 

 two leaves. The larva which had taken exception to this course 

 had endeavoured to spin up in the moss but had not been successful 

 in doing so. There was little attempt at a cocoon ; the larva content- 

 ing itself with spinning a flimsy transparent web through which the pupa 

 could be distinctly seen. The dimensions of the pupa were about those of 

 Maiiie-stra brasaicae, which they generally resembled excepting in colour, 

 which, in the case of C. liera, was a of bright reddish-brown. Attached 

 to the anal end of the pupa was the cast-off skin of the larva. Of the 

 thirteen apparently living pup* only ten produced perfect insects, all 

 of the typical scarlet form. These emerged from their cocoons on the 

 following days in July: — 13th, three; lith, two; loth, one ; 16th, 

 two; l8th, one; 2±th, one. Eight of the insects emerged the first 

 thing in the morning, or at all events before 7 o'clock ; one emerged 

 at 11 a.m. and one at noon. After emerging, the insect remained 

 quiet for more than an hour drying its wings, then it becomes very 

 restless and active. In comparison with a caught specimen, which 

 was given to me in 1898, four of the insects were smaller, Ave of them 

 nearly approached the size of the caught specimen, and one was fully 

 as large. 



Generally I do not regard my attempt to rear C. hera larvie as 

 satisfactory. I only succeeded in obtaining ten perfect insects from 

 about 60 larvae, and of these ten one-half only tipproached the size of 

 the caught specimen. Possibly I might have done better if I had 

 submitted the larvte to outdoor instead of indoor treatment, especially 

 in their later stage, but I was deterred from doing this owing to the 

 plague of ants which infested my garden last summer. 



I am afraid that my descriptions of the larvie are by no means so 

 complete as they should be, and it is quite possible that some inaccuracies 

 may have crept into them. I must, however, crave indulgence on the 

 ground that I could only examine the larvte at stated times, and my ex- 

 perience was that, however stationary a larva was prior to being examined, 

 immediately the lens was fixed upon it it would become restless and 

 commence to crawl about, which renders an accurate description uf it 



