326 THE entomologist's record. 



central hair is doubtfully made out in front of the head, and rather ventrally, that 

 probably represent the antenna, and two dots or hair-points on the soft membrane 

 below, that no doubt indicate some mouth -parts, behind these the true legs are 

 represented by three pairs of mannnillar fullnesses of the integument. The hair- 

 covering is traceable in the abundance of loose hairs, but its nature and disposition 

 are not discoverable. This specimen shows that the female returns into and dies 

 in her pupa-case, from which she probably does not completely emerge, though I 

 saw the moth of one of these cases (doubtless the other, not this one) pi'otruding 

 from the sac. 



I have never taken Arctiis (Psi/che) cvpiformia, nor seen it in indis- 

 putably good condition. With the possible exception of A. apiformia, 

 the $ P. vwncannella is by a long way the most handsome and brilliant 

 of European Psychids. The bright colouring, rounded ofi" by the 

 contrast of the black tail tuft and black fringes and antennte, make 

 the transparency of the wings very notable, bringing it in line with 

 Hemarids (the bee-hawks). It is fond of resting on a prominent angle 

 of rock, but I was sorry to find it did not always agree to being boxed 

 as it sat. I now add some account of the cases, larva, etc. 



Cases. — 13mm. to 17mm. long. S^ 3-5mm. wide, $ 6mm. wide, 

 fusiform, i.e., thickest in the middle and tapering to both ends, least 

 to the attached one. The case which produced a 3 moth has a few 

 bits of stem laid on longitudinally, various shorter bits of stuff laid on 

 also longitudinally, these include a good many bits of stone extremely 

 thin, flat, films mostly, and all laid on so closely and flatly, as very 

 slightly to interfere with the form or thickness of the case. Another 

 case, substantially the same, has a large slab of stone (or slate) on it 

 (nearly 6mm. X 3mm.), also several smaller bits of stone, and more 

 vegetable material laid on it lengthwise, than the first one. The 

 other two cases are thicker ( J s, but may quite possibly belong to 

 some other species). Neither of these has any stone in the covering, 

 but bits of fiat leaf and grass-like stem, laid on longitudinally and 

 flatly, i.e., the distal end well fastened down to the outline of the case. 

 It is to be noted that European Psychids with stones in the covering, 

 are usually Oreopsychids, as tenella, Icschenaulti, etc. Those that are 

 not, are of mountain distribution, -as Melafiina hKiubrh. It is of interest 

 to note that Mr. McLachlan associates a stony clothing on an exotic 

 Psychid case, with the necessity of weighting the case against being 

 blown away by winds in an exposed situation. In our present subject 

 the 3 case is intrinsically the lighter. 



Pupa. — 3 • Pupa-case (empty and extended) is 8mm. long, 2mm. 

 wide, of equal diameter from thorax to 7th abdominal, 3rd partially, 

 4th, 5th, 6th and 7th altogether, free. On 7th and 8th abdominal 

 segments there is, across the somewhat raised dorsum, a raised roll, 

 i.e., more than a ridge, as it were, a cylindrical addition laid across the 

 back and not sunk into the segment or flattened where it is laid on, to 

 any extent. This is thinner at the ends, but ends abruptly, not fading 

 out on the surface. On dorsal view it occupies about f of the width of 

 segment, and is not so regular in outline as the cylindrical idea 

 suggests, it is about ^ of the length of the segment at its widest, dorsally. 

 On top it carries a large number of very sharp, hooked points, directed 

 backwards, they are not regularly arranged, but are two to four deep, 

 from back to front. On the 6th and 5th abdominal segments 

 the arrangement is almost identical, but the roll is not so high. 

 On the ith it is rather flat, the hooks are less well-developed, and 



