ORTHOPTERA. 95 



G. Stauroderus puLLi's, Philippi. 



Siuull ; darkish testaceous, with black spots ; antenntB compara- 

 tively short ; elytra not spotted, barely reaching apex of abdomen in 

 S , not surpassing the 5th segment in the $ ; elytra dilated strongly 

 in S , the scapular area especially, and the anal area also dilated ; in 

 the ? the scapular area is not dilated ; wings much shorter than 

 elytra, smoky ; knees black ; hinder tibi;B dirty reddish. Length of 

 body, 18mm. J , 19mm. 9 ; of pronotum, 3mm. ^ , Bmm.-Hnim. $ ; 

 of elytra, 9mm. -10mm. J , 8mm. -17mm. ? . 



A variety with fully-developed organs of flight is very rare. 



North Germany, the Harz Mountains, Berlin, Jungfernhaide, 

 Saxony, Saxon Switzerland, Dresdner-Haide, Hohenweise, Leuthen. 

 In Central Germany at Regonsburg. In the Alps at Domleschg, and 

 the Tirol at Innsbruck ; also in Carinthia. In eastern Europe it 

 occurs in Austria, at Vienna, in Galicia, Transsylvania, Kasan, and 

 Tiflis. 



The fully-winged form has been taken in Saxon Switzerland. 



{To he contiiniL'd.) 



(DRTHOPTERA. 



Observations on the pairing of Grasshoppers. — On August 19th, 

 1901, at about 10 a.m., whilst at Au Pra, I observed on the grassy 

 slopes of the mountain at the back of the Albergo delle Alpi, a very 

 great number of the finely coloured, striped-legged, red-shanked grass- 

 hopper, so common in many of the Alpine districts. They were stridu- 

 lating very loudly, and it was difficult, owing to their great abundance, 

 to understand why any stridulation was necessary for the attraction of 

 the sexes to each other. It was obviously apparent, however, that stri- 

 dulation was for this purpose, and one pair, watched for quite a quarter 

 of an hour, were seen to approach each other across a piece of herl)age- 

 covered ground, about three yards in length. When they had discovered 

 each other the male immediately jumped on the back of the female, 

 but she seemed to reject his advances, and it was not until the sixth 

 attempt that pairing was efiected. Next daj-, on the 20th, at about 

 noon, a great number of the generally considered rare small green 

 grasshoppers, ['(xUsjna iiedeiiiontanKin, Br., with a black line on either 

 side, and red hind legs, were observed on a grassy slope, at some little 

 elevation above the road, and to the right, directly one had passed the 

 frontier stone on the Col de la Croix, going from Italy into Prance. 

 The insects were exceedingly active, and several pairs were discovered 

 in cojiuld. The male is much smaller than the female, and, whilst 

 paired, he clasps the 2 firmly with the front pair of legs, directly in 

 front of her first pair of legs (his right in the incision between the 

 pro- and mesothorax, the left between the head and prothorax), the 

 second pair clasping firmly under her third pair, whilst his third pair 

 were drawn up by the sides of his abdomen, which was bent over to 

 the right side of the female, the last four abdominal segments being 

 curved round beneath the venter of the terminal segments of the 

 9 , and the last two abdominal segments bent upwards from beneath 

 for copulation. The male appears to remain perfectly motionless, and 

 was not disturbed by the movements of the 9 , who was somewhat 

 excited by the close quarters of the glass-topped box, in which they 

 repeatedly fell from the top to the bottom. When disturbed the male 



