LEPIDOPTERA NEAR GENEVA. 129 



The synonymy is confused ; several authors considered Latreille's 

 species identical with C. parallelm, until Finofc separated the two. 

 The var. explicatus, de Selys, of parallelus, is really this species. 



{To he continued.) 



Lepidoptera near Geneva. 



By .1. W. TUTT, F.E.8. 



This heading must resemble much the historical one, " Taking coals 

 to Newcastle," yet, in spite of the fact that there used to be a Genevois 

 entomological magazine, which has (since this was first written) been re- 

 suscitated, and that some first-class lepidopterists live there, the local men 

 rarely note anything of their own fauna, taking it for granted that every- 

 one knows all about it, and writing, when they do write, of faraway places 

 they visit, and of insects they know little about. It is, of coui'se, the 

 same annoying fact that leads the lepidopterist who lives on the York- 

 shire moorlands to describe his visit to the New Forest or to Devon- 

 shire, the Devonian lepidopterist to describe his visit to Perthshire or 

 Cumberland, and the Cumbrian lepidopterist to describe a visit to the 

 Norfolk Broads, whilst they rarely describe the lovely districts and 

 interesting fauna that they know so well, and could describe so in- 

 terestingly. Geneva is an ideal spot — ^in one direction the Juras are 

 available in, at most, a couple of hours, whilst in another direction 

 the outliers of the Savoy Alps are within an hour, with steam trams 

 in both directions. Added to this, the wild banks of the Arve give 

 marshland, meadow, and banks covered with thickets of Hippnpha'e 

 rhaninoulf'x. I was fortunate in having the companionship of Mr. 

 Muschamp on most of my trips, and he was kind enough to show me 

 over his best collecting grounds, and, on one trip, Professor Blachier 

 and his brother piloted us over a charming slope of the Juras, where 

 the collecting was indeed delightful. 



The first day spent here was July 26th, when a start for the little 

 French town of Gex, by the road railway, was made soon after 7 a.m. 

 This place was reached before nine o'clock, and, under the guidance of 

 Mr. Muschamp, I was to walk to the Col de la Faucille, 43e'55 feet 

 elevation, a deep depression in the Juras. The early morning was 

 fine enough, but it soon became cloudy, and most of the journey, made 

 under the best possible walking conditions, was hopeless for butterflies, 

 as, with only one or two transient gleams of sunshine, we could only 

 guess what the lovely country could produce. Limenitis Camilla was 

 early on the wing, and one was captured swinging on a scabious flower ; 

 so also were Colia>i hyale and Pyraweis cnniin, freshly emerged, Pam- 

 phila syhaimti and Leptidia sinajns, Pnlyoiitwatns corydon, and P. icariis 

 of large size. Reaching the grassy slopes, Plpincphele lycann appeared, 

 with E. ianira about the bushes, as also was Thccla spini, whilst from 

 the long grass Enodia dryas rose quietly, and ascended the slopes with 

 considerable rapidity. Krehia acthiops also frequently occurred, whilst, 

 on the limestone paths, Hipparckia srmele was frequently disturbed, the 

 J s with a very distinct white median band on the underside of the 

 hindwings. A rise of a few hundred feet began to make a great 

 difference, and soon Parnassius apnllo was seen swinging lazily about, 

 all the (? s inspected having a red centre to the black spot on the inner 

 margin of the forewing, on the underside, and others having the spot 



