l5H THE entomologist's record. 



then immediately it is taken. Its food is not only grass, but also dock. 

 Some of the pinker forms of the larva of A', rurea are apt to be confused 

 with it, but one can separate them in three ways — (1) The larva" of 

 A', rurea pupate at least three weeks later. (2) The larva of A. rurea 

 is firm to the touch, whereas that of A. hepatira is soft and yielding. 

 (3) The primary tubercles upon the underside of A', rurea are always 

 black, biTt on the larv* of A', hepatica they are light brown in colour. 

 The larvae of A. Iiepatica, like those of Mauiestra furca, delight in the 

 tufts of grass and dock which grow on the tops of walls. They either 

 pupate in the moss on the wall, or in the space between two stones. 

 I dug a cocoon out of such a place, in 1902, which contained an 

 unchanged larva of A', hepativa. Also occurring abundantly upon the 

 dock and plantain were larvae of Tripliaena ji)iibria, T. ianthina, T. 

 comes, T. pronuba, Xoctua haja, X. Jirunncu, A. triaiujuluui, X.festiva, 

 Afilecta nebulosa, and Melanipjie luontaiiata. By searching the 

 hawthorns with a lantern, I secured a good number of A. baja and 

 Grap/uphora aut/ur larv* feeding upon the young shoots at the base of 

 the trees. I only got one larva of X. uvibrosa, and that was feeding 

 well up a rose-tree in a hedge. At present Buaruiia repandata, as 

 well as Abraa-as (jrossulariata, are just commencing to feed. With the 

 exception of Xoctua .rantlwi/rapha, one of the commonest of larvae has 

 been that of Xaenia tj/pica. Up to Saturday, I had taken a fair number 

 of A. typica from what is its favourite food here, honeysuckle. On 

 Saturday, however, I was collecting black larvfe of A. yrossulariata for 

 a friend, when I observed the leaves of every plant of Auricula in the 

 garden riddled with holes. Curious to know what had caused these, I 

 examined the plants, and found upon every plant, curled up in the 

 dead leaves at the base of the stem, large numbers of larvse of A'. 

 tijjiira. I may say that, in the same garden early in February, I 

 found a larva of the same species on the topmost twig of a red currant 

 bush, closely pressed to the bark. This reminds me that I once found 

 a batch of ova of this species laid in my own garden upon currant. 

 Larva" of Leucania Utliarm/ria have been fairly common upon grass. 

 In the sallow catkins, larva? of (itria jlarai/o {dla(jo) and ('. fulvacfo 

 (cerarp)) have been plentiful, but I have not found any larvae of 

 F.upithecia tenuiata this year. I may say I found a larva of Pieris 

 rapae on January 81st, which pupated safely on February 3rd. I have 

 seen very few imagines, as it is almost useless searching for them, owing 

 to the prevalence of northeast winds here in early spring. Among those 

 I have taken, have been Taeiiiocavipa t/ot/iica, Anticlea badiata, Hybernia 

 maryhiaria, and Larentia iiiultistriyaria. The latter were very variable, 

 ranging from very light forms to almost black in some of the males. 

 I took a female Vepressaria heracleana on March 22nd, and larva; of D. 

 asdiirilella are still common between spun shoots of broom. Since 

 writing the above I have succeeded in finding larvae of the following 

 additional species: — Polyo)nuiatus\a,r. salviacis,Adscita cieryon, Photliedes 

 captiuncula {expoiita), Brentliis euji/irosyuc and Xoctua ylarcosa. — J. 

 W. H. Harrison, Birtley, R.S.O., Durham. May 1st, 1905. 



Duration of Pupal existence of Cucullia chamomill;e. — In July, 

 1902, 1 took a few larva? of C. chauiowillae near Fleetwood, from which I 

 had six pupa?. Two of these dried up and the remainder have now 

 emerged as follows: on March 27th, 1903, one; March 1st, 1904, one; 

 the remaining two appearing on March 26th and 29th of this year. 



