linne's genus papilio and its subdivisions. 211 



been placed in the hands of the successor to Mr. Samuel Stevens (Mr. 

 Higgins) for disposal to whomsoever the specimens might be of any 

 value. Among the lepidoptera worked out (shortly after my return 

 to England in 1866), by Professor Zeller, were the following, which 

 he described and figured as new to science : SimaethiH aegyptiaca, 

 Schoenobius niloticiis, Eroinene camb)'id(/ei, Pempelia paammenitella, 

 Nephopteryx scabida, Nephopteryx isidis, Epliestia cahiritella. In what 

 publication these new species were recorded I forget*. 1 was not able to 

 obtain a copy of it, but the types of the species are in my possession. 

 Among the Diurni were four or five species of " tinted blues," besides 

 Laiiipidea boeticiia. I also bred some fine specimens of Danaif; chrysippus 

 (among them one with nearly white hindwings), the larvse of which 

 fed upon some plant (I think) of the spurge kind. If I had only been 

 bent upon lepidoptera it would have been dull " entomologising ; " 

 indeed, whole days would pass without the addition of a single species 

 to the collection, but 164 species of spiders made up for other differ- 

 ences. Looking, at long intervals, at my unworked-out Egyptian 

 collection of lepidoptera, I have sometimes wondered what might be 

 the output of those desolate regions if worked especially for that 

 order, and at, perhaps, a more favourable time of the year. It would 

 be interesting to see a full list of Mr. Graves' results ; meantime I 

 must try and get the remainder of my own collection worked out. 



Linne's genus Papilio and its subdivisions — Barbut's types of tliese 

 subdivisions when used in a modern generic sense. 



By J. W. TUTT, F.E.S. 

 It is generally recognised that Linne included [Systema Naturae, 

 etc., xth ed. and xiith ed.) the whole of the butterflies in one genus, 

 the genus Papilio, and that the rest of his classificatory names have no 

 nomenclatorial or classificatory value per ae. This is, so far as we under- 

 stand the matter, the position taken up by Scudder and others. That 

 Linne had almost as clear a conception of the main divisions into 

 which the butterflies fall as Ave have at the present time is evident, from 

 the subdivisions that he created. This is readily seen by the Linnean 

 subdivisions, which, in the xiith edition, are as follows : — 

 Genus: PAPILIO. 



Eqiiites. 



Troes. — P. E. T. priamus, hector, paris, &c. 

 Achivi. — P. E. A. podalirius, machaon, &c. 

 Heliconii. 



Helicunii. — P. H. crataegi, apollo, mnemosyne, ifec. 

 Danai. 



Candidi. — P. D. C. rhamni, brassicuB, lapse, &c. 

 Festivi. — P. D. F. plexippus, misippus, bypeiantus, &c. 

 Nymphales. 



Geinmati. — P. N. G. io, megsera, galathea, &c. 

 Fhalerati. — F. N. P. populi, antiopa, uritcae, paphia, &c. 

 Plebeii. 



Rurales.—F. P. R. betulae, arion, phlasas, &c. 

 Urbicolae. — P. P. U. comma, malvse, tages, <fec. 



in 17bl, Barbut, an English author, in his advanced work [Crenera 

 Insectoruin of Lianaeun, pp. 160 et seq.) maintained the term " genus," 

 as used by Linne, but he applied to all Linne's lower sections modern 

 generic values as follows : — 



' In the Stett. Ent. Zeitung, 1867, pp. 384 et seq. — Ed. 



