LIFE- HISTORIES. 275 



opaque and white, shiny, like porcelain. The developed larva inside 

 gives it a pale leaden look to the naked eye. Scnlptiirinff : 1 count 

 from 16 to 17 vertical ribs, tall and blunt-edged. They run from the 

 rim of the base up to the edge of the broad, flattened area on top, 

 where they thin down and become knobby and wavy, branching to 

 form an irregular and large-celled diamond pattern, which becomes 

 smaller in every way as it nears the central micropylar depression. 

 The micropylar depression is shallow and rather small. It is not to 

 be seen in the fresh egg. Between the main ribs on the side of the 

 egg run numerous broad, low, transverse ribs, separated by distinct 

 furrows. They are not easy to count, but I should put their number 

 down at 80, or rather more. They form an angle in each main 

 vertical valley, and are much like those seen on the egg of S. cordula. 

 The base is deeply concave in matured eggs. Its surface is slightly 

 granular, and the vertical ribs are continued over it for a short distance 

 in a reduced form. Duration of egi/ ataije : About 10 days. 



Larva. — The young larva, after the fash ion of its congeners, eats a cir- 

 cular lid out of the top of the Q^g in order to escape. In some cases the 

 hole made is in the side of the eggshell, but 1 think that may be due to the 

 fact that some of the eggs were pressed against the paper which 

 protected them, and, therefore, the larva made its exit where it found 

 least resistance. After emergence it eats all, or part of, the empty 

 shell, Dinmisions : When newly-hatched the larva in a normal 

 position (neither stretched out nor drawn up) measures 2-5mm. Width 

 of head, 0-5mm. General appearance : Head large, typically Satyrid 

 in shape, ocelli visible to naked eye ; a semicircle of black, seta-bases 

 show very distinctly under hand lens [infra). Body smooth-looking and 

 tapering. Colour : Dull straw-yellow, the dorsal and supraspiracular 

 lines brownish, the former not very clear to the naked eye. Microscopic 

 examination (see pi. x., fig. 1) : Head normally Satyrid in structure and 

 shape. The lemon-rind pitting is well-marked. The setfe are short, 

 thick, and transparent. The black surfaces from which they arise are 

 particularly well-marked and large. An imusual character is the distinct 

 trace of dark head-stripes, which do not appear m most Satyrids until 

 a later stage. In the area covered by these stripes the pit bottoms are 

 brownish -black. These stripes occupy the usual positions, three on 

 each lobe, and are intensified by the dark seta-bases which are placed 

 in their track. Three principal setffi occupy the upper part of each 

 lobe. Another set of small ones runs near the edge of the triangle. 

 Several hairs are set around the mouth, the longest coming from the 

 antennae. The lobe division is narrowly marked with brownish. 

 Body lines rather faint. In colour they are greyish-brown. The 

 dorsal line is rather thinner on the thoracic segments ; the sub- 

 dorsal ( = principal line) is discernible under microscope; it has a 

 yellowish tinge ; the supraspiracular broad ; it is the largest line on 

 the body and the best marked, as is often the case. It is equally 

 broad throughout until near the forks, when it tapers. Ventral surface, 

 feet, and claspers, pale greyish-yellow. A darkish shading on 

 the ventral side of the limit between dorsal and ventral surfaces. 

 Spiracles situated on the broad space between the suftused lower edge 

 of the supraspiracular line and the lateral border, which space has not 

 yet become differentiated into lateral and spiracular lines. They are 

 large and prominent, black, and roundish, with a central depression; they 



