SYNOPSIS OF THE ORTHOPTERA OF WESTERN EUROPE. 289 



but Bolivar considers its existence in the country to be doubtful, and 

 suggests the record is a mistake foi- ( '. fiexttom. It has occurred in 

 Corsica, but is not known m France ; it is common in Algeria. 



Fam. 8 : Pyrgomorphid.^,. 



This family contains a large number of exotic species, often very 

 brightly and gaudily coloured, but only one, and that not a striking 

 species, is known in western Europe. The family is characterised by 

 the form of the vertex ; the foveola^ are on the upper side, and form the 

 border of the vertex; they are shallow and almost contiguous anteriorly, 

 where they are separated by a short furrow; in the European genus 

 the antenna? are short and rather thick; the frons is extremely reclmed 

 and somewhat concave, viewed laterally, so as to resemble the head of 

 Acrid a. The mouth-parts are situated right back almost under the 

 posternum. The pronotum is flat above and the elj'tra narrow and 

 pointed. 



Genus I : Pyrgomorpha, Serville. 



One west European species. 



1. Pyrgomorpha grylloides, Latreille [ = rosea, Charpentier.) 

 Small and slender, especially the $ ; green or greyish ; elytra and 



wings well-developed, the latter hyaline or tinted with rosy at the base. 



Length of body, 15mm. -IHmm. 3 , 2J:mm.-80mm. $ ; of pronotum, 



;-}mm.-4mm. J , 4-cSnmi.-r)mm. $ ; of elytra, lomm.-16mm. 3 , 20mm.- 



22mm ? . 



In France only in Provence, from April to June in the hottest 



parts of the southern littoral ; Aix, Marseille, Nice, Hyeres, Estere ; 



Cannes, Antibes, Roquebrune, mouth of Rhone, Basses-Alpes; common 



in Spain and Portugal from May to August ; also in central Italy. 



Fam. 4 : Pamphagid^. 

 This family includes a number of large, heavy grasshoppers, all 

 flightless forms, inhabiting desert places. The group is characterised 

 by the form of the foveola of the vertex, which are above, as in the 

 Pi/niiiiiiorii/iiilae, but are distant from the apex, and they are not closed 

 posteriorly ; the pronotum is large, and always more or less tectiform 

 in shape ; the elytra, in all European species, are reduced to leathery 

 flaps, and occasionally they are entirely wanting ; the form of the 

 prosternum is characteristic, being furnished with a tubercle of cubical 

 form, or with teeth, more or less formed by the anterior border of the 

 prosternum. The members of this family occur in the extreme south 

 of Europe, throughout Africa, and in Asia Minor and other parts of 

 Asia. There are three genera in western Europe. 



T.UiLE OF GeNEKA. 



1. Prosternum with anterior margin laminate, raised, 

 produced in middle to a tooth, but with no strumose 

 tubercle ; mesosternal lobes with the inner border 

 directed obliquely from the base .. .. .. 1. Ocnerodes, Brunner. 



1.1. Anterior border of prosternum forming a tubercle, 



which is partially formed also by the disc of the 



same, frequently furnished also with teeth or 



tubercles. 



'2. Elytra narrow, spatulate, l)roader at apex than 



in middle ; prosternum with anterior border 



laminate, with the tumid tubercle . . . . 2. i'AJii>HA(Hs, Thunb. 



