LEPIDOPTEROLOGICAL NOTES FROM MONMOUTHSHIRE. 313 



between them, in appearance similar to the projection of the wing in 

 Aglais urticae, though of course, in that species, this is nearer the 

 apex. This, no doubt, is the result of the injury to the larva, 

 which we thought was caused by its being " stung " by a parasitic fly, 

 so, unfortunately, did not note its exact position, nor on which side it 

 was, as we never expected it would reach the imaginal state. Another 

 male of this species taken last year, at the beginning of May, is, in 

 general appearance, exactly like a female, the markings, the colour 

 and shape of the wings, being accurately similar. An easy way of telling 

 the sex of this species, when one is doubtful, is to hold the specimens up 

 to the light and look through the forewings, when the males will be seen 

 to have an opaque patch in the middle of the wing, shaped rather like 

 the wing of a bat, caused by the dense mass of scales peculiar to the 

 sex. 



We have captured several interesting specimens of Epinephele 

 janira. One, taken on July 20th, 1904, at Llandogo, has a very pretty 

 pearly-grey sheen on all the wings, it is a small male measuring only 

 l|in. This year we have captured two with bleached wings. The first of 

 these, taken in July, has whitish patches on all four wings, the right pair 

 being most affected. The other example, taken in August, has symmetri- 

 cal patches on the hind wings only. Both are males, and, curiously enough, 

 netted in the same field as the bleached Chri/sopJiauKs pldaean and the 

 Pobjommatiia icarus with pale hindwings. The females are described as 

 being less liable to spots on the underside than the males, yet our 

 most spotted specimen is a female taken this year at Llandogo in July. 

 The ocellated spots of the forewings are very large and contain two 

 white pupils, a large upper one with a small one below. The spot on 

 the left wing is rather irregularly shaped at the top and joined above 

 to a rather large dot which is present on the right wing, bi;t minute and 

 isolated. Below the ocellated spot is a small but distinct dot, followed 

 by a larger one, each of these is, like the ocellated spot, in a faintly 

 fulvous nimbus. In the pale band of the hindwings are three black 

 dots, faintly ringed. A peculiar example of Euchelia jacohaeae was 

 taken this year in June. The right hand pair of wings are considerably 

 larger than the left, both in length and width. As the left pair seems 

 quite in proportion to the size of the body, we thought, at first, it might 

 possibly be a gynandromorphous specimen, but an examination of the 

 structure of the wings showed us it was only an asymmetrical male. 



Last August, an asymmetrical larva of Orm/ia antiijua was found 

 on bramble. On the left side of the 2nd segment the tuft of black 

 •hairs was only half the normal length, the one on the other side being 

 as long as usual, but, as if to make up for the deficiency in length, the 

 left side had an extra tuft, also short, which had no corresponding one 

 •on the right. 



On July 18th, last year, a Gonophora dcrasa was watched, at early 

 •dusk, ovipositing on bramble. She flew up to a bush, and, after 

 hovering for a moment or two round a projecting shoot, made up her 

 mind which leaf would suit her purpose, choosing a mature one 

 growing comparatively level. She settled gently on the upper surface, 

 facing across the leaf, with wings slightly raised. Stretching out her 

 abdomen she felt along the edge of the leaf with her ovipositor, and 

 then laid an e^s, on the extreme point of one of the marginal teeth at 

 right angles to the edge of the leaf. Before losing sight of her in the 



