40 



THE ENTOMOLOGIST S RECORD. 



the cases was a dull black and very distinctive from that of any case I 

 have seen of C. limosipennella, which is only of shades of brown, the 

 colours of the dried portions of the leaves used in their formation. 

 The anal end has two valves like that of C. limosipennella, but they are 

 not nearly so closely adpressed, nor are the margins so much extended 

 outwards. The cases are, when of full size, always smaller than those 

 of C. limosipennella. 



During the pupal stage the mouths of the cases are filled with a 

 very white fibrous substance, and, at times, many cases show white 

 edges to the valves, but this latter generally disappears. The cases 

 are made of the leaf cuticle, just as the case of C. limosipennella, but 

 this latter species does not stain the case by a secretion, as does 

 C. badiipennella. The larva of this species lives in a rough, parti- 

 coloured, curved case, in the winter, very similar to that of C. fuscedi- 

 nella, C. lutipennella, C. nigricella, etc. In fact, as yet I have been 

 unable to find any characters by which to distinguish the hybernating 

 cases of these species. This was the first species in which I had 

 actually seen the head of the larva thrust out from the anal opening. 

 Of course, this must occur during the various enlargements of the 

 cases. The larvfe of all the species must be able to undergo extreme 

 compression and contortion in squeezing between the closely adjoining 

 cuticles of a leaf, and also when turning round in their narrow tubular 

 cases, which are often of scarcely more diameter than the body of the 

 larva. 



The larva of this batch commenced pupating about May 

 27th, and the first emergence took place on June 22nd. The 

 larva is of a glossy brown-yellow colour. The head-shield is 

 black, but the other plates are not quite so dark. All three thoracic 

 segments have, on their sides, small, dark, dot-plates, that on the 1st 

 being the largest, the 2nd is faint, and the 3rd is only just apparent. 

 The 1st thoracic segment has a large dorsal plate, with a slight median 

 suture from front to back, scarcely perceptible in front, but wider at 

 the rear. The 2nd thoracic segment has two triangular plates, with 

 their bases approximating in the centre, the apices being long pointed ; 

 they are of a fainter black than the plate on the 1st segment. There 

 are no dorsal plates on the 3rd thoracic segment. There are only 

 three pairs of abdominal claspers. 



I have not discussed the point as to whether we have two species 

 under this name. Some of our leading entomologists consider that 

 their observations point in that direction. So far my own experience 

 of the species is too limited to have any decided opinion on this 

 question. It would be interesting if others would give us their 

 observations on this point. 



One of my cases clearly illustrates the fact that the larva of this 

 species not only lines the case, but stains the leaf cuticle used in its 

 formation. The staining process has begun along the neighbourhood 

 of the upper and lower sutures which have already become black. 



Butterflies at Wimbledon in 1905 and 1906, with notes on the 

 aberrations taken. 



By KALEIGH S. SMALLMAN, F.E.S. 

 During the last two years I have done most of my collecting for 

 butterflies on and near Wimbledon Common, and, although all the 



