THE PUPAL SKIN AND HAIRS OF LOWEIA (CHRYSOPHANUS) AMPHIDAMAS. 55 



near Cadiz, where larvae, unfortunately not reared, but almost certainly 

 belonging to it, occurred on Limoniastrum monopetalum in salt-marshes. 

 It is a rather dark species, somewhat resembling adactyla, Hb., but 

 larger, and surely the manicataoi Staudinger, associated in the original 

 description with the above-mentioned plant, but erroneously regarded 

 by Rebel (Stgr.-Rbl., Cat., ii., 77, no. 1424) as " adactyla, Hb. 32-34; 

 ? manicata, Stgr." 



Dr. Rebel is also mistaken (Stgr.-Rbl., Cat., ii., 77, no. 1422) in 

 making A. lerinensis, Mill., a synonym of heydenii, Z. I have bred 

 the latter from larvae found commonly on Atriplex halimus, and less 

 often on Asparagus, at Cannes, and Milliere gave Euphorbia spinosa as 

 another of its foodplants. This is certainly more nearly allied to 

 frankeniae, Z., than to lerinensis, Mill., whereas the latter approaches 

 exceedingly near to meridionalis, Z. I have met with meridionals in 

 Corsica, but far from Tamarix, with which shrub Zeller was inclined 

 to associate it. 



Our knowledge of A. sanctaehelenae, E. Wlstn., canariensis, Rbl., 

 pustulalis, Wkr., ingens, Chr., minima, Wlstn., and nanodes, Meyr., is 

 at present too elementary to admit of bringing these species into useful 

 comparison with their European congeners, but I have at least one 

 undoubted specimen of tamaricis, Z., from the Cape-de-Verdes Islands, 

 and others from Cape Colony, which cannot be distinguished from it ; 

 while further specimens in poor condition come from Arabia, Karachi 

 (N.W. India), and from Accra and Bathurst (W. Africa). 



The Pupal skin and hairs of Loweia (Chrysophanus) amphidamas 



(with plate). 



By De. T. A. CHAPMAN. 

 This pretty little pupa very much resembles that of Hamearis 

 (Senieobius) Incina in its pale colour, studded with black spots in the 

 positions characteristic of so many Lycaenid pupaa. Its fine sculpturing 

 is also interesting. The appendages have only waved lines, not unlike 

 those of the rest of the surface. Everywhere else, however, these 

 waved lines are dependences of points, similar to those on other 

 Chrysophanids. They have a central small point, never by any chance 

 developed into a hair, a larger centre, with some trace of radiate 

 structure, and a larger outside circle ; from these, waved ridges proceed 

 in four or five directions, often further dividing ; they are often 

 continuous from one point to another, but often, and over some regions 

 always, fail to meet, but lose themselves on the general surface by 

 fading out. The trumpet-hairs arise from bases like ordinary hairs, 

 always independently of the ordinary points and ridges. They are of 

 unusual form ; they have astern, but, instead of a more or less disc-like 

 top, they divide and subdivide into branches, sometimes dichotomously, 

 more often irregularly, the final branches ending in groups of spicules. 

 They look like portions of some lichen, or coral, or deer's horn. Tbey 

 are only 004mm. high and across, and are very transparent, so that 

 the figure shown from the photograph, though successful, t^ives ;i less 

 satisfactory idea of their appearance than one might wish. Round the 

 spiracles arc numerous "lenticles," in size and general appearance 

 very like the general surface-points and the hair-bases, hntdistin 

 able at once by the membrane filling the lumen being studded with 

 fine dots. 



