ADDITIONAL NOTES ON TORTRIX PRONUBANA. 98 



dition, but diligent search failed to disclose any more. On the wooded 

 slopes, one Liiui>iitis Camilla and one L. sibylla were netted (the only 

 ones seen), and four or five Thecla ilicis, which seemed partial to the 

 flowers of a small umbelliferous plant the name of which I did not 

 know. A few larvae of Eugonia polychloros were taken from an elm 

 and the imagines afterwards bred. In passing through Guttenen a 

 single specimen of Scolitantides baton was taken, but diligent search 

 failed to turn it up at Meiringen. The season seemed inclined to 

 produce dwarfs, as I took an Erebia lappona measuring only li ins., 

 Lycaena arion logins., Melanargia galatea 1^ ins., and several other 

 small ones. 



The trip ended on July 7th, when we returned to Lucerne, with 

 some sighs for the "might have beens," as much of the ground 

 covered seemed rich, and only needed the kindly sun to teem with life. 

 May the year 1907 so favour us. 



Additional Notes on Tortrix pronubana. 



By (Bbv.) F. E. LOWE, M.A., F.E.S. 



As a new interest has been awakened in the above species by its 

 discovery in the south of England, a discovery which I predicted in 

 the Ent. Record, xii., p. 317, you may find space for the following 

 notes. There seems to be something more than a possibility that the 

 insect is at least partially double-brooded in Guernsey, if, indeed, 

 there may not be three broods in hot and prolonged autumns. In a 

 footnote to my notice in vol. xii., you remark that T. pronubana occurs 

 in April on the Riviera, since then I have taken it here on the follow- 

 ing early dates— June 1st, 1901 ; March 18th, 1903 ; March 26th, 

 1904, 2 ; May 17th, 1906 ; in every case only a single specimen, and 

 on the window panes, outside. For long I had assumed that these 

 specimens had been accidentally forced in some of our greenhouses, 

 but the fact that, in the small area of my garden (unsought), they 

 exhibit such a regular appearance, in or about the time of the spring 

 emergence on the continent, suggests the question — Are they a 

 natural spring brood ? T. pronubana is certainly erratic in its habits, 

 and, seemingly, not particular in its choice of food. Last year (1906) 

 I took a freshly spun up pupa from a stem of yellow toad-flax, in 

 early November. There was no Euonymus growing anywhere in the 

 in i mediate neighbourhood of the toad-flax. This pupa produced a 

 female specimen of T. pronubana at the end of November, or the 

 beginning of December. The exact date I cannot give, as it emerged 

 unexpectedly, and I found it dead in the breeding-cage in the second 

 week of December. It was kept in a room without a fire. Last year 

 the species was fairly abundant in Guernsey, from the middle of 

 August until late in October, but I did not come across a female until 

 September 29th. I am always away from home for the greater part of 

 June and July, and so cannot say whether the insect Hies in those 

 months ; but it will be observed that, except for those months, the 

 above notes give a catena of dates upon which I have taken this 

 Tortricid, from the middle of March to late November or early 

 December. The close clipping to which our Euonymus hedges are 

 subjected in the autumn would account, perhaps, for the scarcity of 

 the spring brood, supposing that there is one, for the larvae seem 

 always to feed in the twisted tips of the young shoots, which are just 



